Figure 7.

Morphological Characterization and Electrochemical Performance Investigations

(A) TEM image of sulfur encapsulated by crab shell-templated carbon showing nanochannel array structures.

(B) Capacity and Coulombic efficiency at C/5 and C/2 versus cycle number. Reprinted with permission from (Yao et al., 2013). Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society.

(C) Scanning electron micrograph of PCNF layers.

(D) Schematic representation of the layer-by-layer sulfur cathodes.

(E) Cycling performance of the cell with six-sulfur-layer cathode. Reprinted with permission from (Qie and Manthiram, 2015). Copyright 2015, Wiley-VCH.

(F) TEM image of CHPCF.

(G) Long-term cycling performance of S/HKC (the carbon derived from HKUST-1) and S/CHPCF electrodes with LiNO₃ as an additive. Reprinted with permission from (Yang et al., 2016). Copyright 2016, The Royal Society of Chemistry.