Figure 9.

Surface-Mediated Reduction, Performance Investigations, Morphological Characterization, and Synthesis Strategies

(A) On reduction of S₈ on a carbon host, LiPSs (Li₂S_X) desorb from the surface and undergo solution-mediated reactions leading to broadly distributed precipitation of Li₂S.

(B) On reduction of S₈ on the metallic polar Ti₄O₇, LiPSs adsorb on the surface and are reduced to Li₂S via surface-mediated reduction at the interface. Reprinted with permission from (Pang et al., 2014). Copyright 2014, Nature Publishing Group.

(C) Cycling performance and Coulombic efficiency of doped TiO₂/S, pure TiO₂/S, and porous carbon/S cathode at 0.5 C. Reprinted with permission from (Wang et al., 2016b). Copyright 2014, Wiley-VCH.

(D) TEM image of S/MnO₂ nanosheets composite. Reprinted with permission from (Liang et al., 2015b). Copyright 2015, Nature Publishing Group. Scale bar: 200 nm.

(E) Schematic of the synthetic process of the hollow S-MnO₂ nanocomposites.

(F) Scanning electron micrograph of the hollow S-MnO₂ nanocomposite spheres. Reprinted with permission from (Wang et al., 2016c). Copyright 2016, The Royal Society of Chemistry.