Table 2.

Mortality risk for different risk factors including pre and post-operational assessments and medical history

Risk factors	Dead	Alive	OR	95% CI	p value
Number of patients	121	859	–	–	–
Gender
Male	59 (48.8%)	227 (26.4%)	2.708	1.766–4.151	< 0.001
Female*	62 (51.2%)	632 (73.6%)	–	–	–
Age, years			1.359#	1.041–1.773	0.024
Mean ± SD	8.36 ± 0.80	8.08 ± 0.89
Range	5.9–10.0	5.0–10.4
Pre-fracture mobility
Grade 2	58 (47.9%)	367 (42.7%)	1.352	0.806–2.270	0.253
Grade 3	34 (28.1%)	125 (14.6%)	2.240	1.229–4.085	0.008
Grade 1*	29 (24.0%)	367 (42.7%)	–	–	–
ASA Grade
High risk (III to V)	97 (80.2%)	433 (50.4%)	1.990	1.182–3.349	0.010
Low risk (I and II)*	24 (19.8%)	426 (49.6%)	–	–	–
Length of stay (LOS)
Group 1 (≤ 7 days)	21 (17.4%)	255 (29.7%)	0.683	0.385–1.211	0.192
Group 3 (> 15 days)	53 (43.8%)	191 (22.2%)	1.722	1.075–2.758	0.024
Group 2 (7–15 days)*	47 (38.8%)	413 (48.1%)	–	–	–
Past respiratory disease
Yes	31 (25.6%)	217 (25.3%)	1.584	0.965–2.600	0.069
No*	90 (74.4%)	642 (74.7%)	–	–	–
Past heart disease
Yes	31 (25.6%)	217 (25.3%)	1.382	0.891–2.145	0.149
No*	90 (74.4%)	642 (74.7%)	–	–	–
Past history of hypertension
Yes	31 (25.6%)	217 (25.3%)	1.172	0.725–1.896	0.517
No*	90 (74.4%)	642 (74.7%)	–	–	–
Past gastrointestinal disease
Yes	31 (25.6%)	217 (25.3%)	1.671	1.084–2.575	0.020
No*	90 (74.4%)	642 (74.7%)	–	–	–
Past renal impairment
Yes	31 (25.6%)	217 (25.3%)	1.984	1.201–3.277	0.007
No*	90 (74.4%)	642 (74.7%)	–	–	–
Post-surgical wound infection
Yes	66 (54.5%)	332 (38.6%)	1.920	0.826–4.460	0.129
No*	55 (45.5%)	527 (61.4%)	–	–	–

^#Per decade increase in age

*Reference group