Table 2.
Sample characteristics at baseline and types of DCN
| Stakeholder (n = 119) | Organization (n = 82) | Hybrid (n = 109) | Mission (n = 97) | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years (mean, sd) | 78.7 (8.8) | 80.6 (8.0) | 78.5 (8.3) | 79.1 (8.6) | 0.333a | |
| Sex (n, %) | ||||||
| female | 43 (36.1) | 31 (38.3) | 40 (36.7) | 48 (49.5) | < 0.174b | |
| male | 76 (63.9) | 50 (61.7) | 69 (63.3) | 49 (50.5) | ||
| Living situation of caregiver (n, %) | ||||||
| Together | 78 (66.1) | 50 (62.5) | 60 (55.0) | 64 (66.0) | 0.025 b | |
| nearby | 33 (28.0) | 22 (27.5) | 27 (24.8) | 17 (17.5) | ||
| Greater distance | 7 (5.9) | 8 (10.0) | 22 (20.2) | 16 (16.5) | ||
| Social Index (Scheuch-Winkler) (n, %) | ||||||
| low | 65 (67.0) | 16 (36.4) | 60 (75.9) | 42 (51.2) | < 0.001 b | |
| middle | 27 (27.8) | 25 (56.8) | 11 (13.9) | 28 (34.1) | ||
| high | 5 (5.2) | 3 (6.8) | 8 (10.1) | 12 (14.6) | ||
| Impairment by dementia (FAST, 0–7) (n, %) | ||||||
| up to moderate (FAST ≤5) | 8 (7.1) | 5 (6.3) | 8 (7.4) | 14 (14.9) | 0.082b | |
| severe (FAST 6) | 59 (52.2) | 32 (40.5) | 53 (49.1) | 33 (35.1) | ||
| very severe (FAST 7) | 46 (40.7) | 42 (53.2) | 47 (43.5) | 47 (50.0) | ||
| Depression (GDS) | ||||||
| score (0–15); mean (sd) | 5.4 (3.7) | 5.3 (3.4) | 4.4 (3.3) | 3.3 (2.9) | < 0.001 a | |
| Challenging behavior (CMAI) (n, %) | ||||||
| Physically non-aggressive behavior | yes | 152 (37.9) | 52 (35.4) | 0.330b | 249 (62.1) | < 0.101f |
| no | 249 (62.1) | 95 (64.6) | 158 (38.8) | |||
| Verbally agitated behavior | yes | 161 (40.0) | 60 (40.3) | 0.519b | 241 (60.0) | < 0.648f |
| no | 241 (60.0) | 89 (59.7) | 166 (40.0) | |||
| Aggressive behavior | yes | 59 (14.8) | 26 (17.6) | 0.251b | 59 (14,8) | < 1.000f |
| no | 340 (85.2) | 122 (82.4) | 348 (85.2) | |||
| At least 1 challenging behavior | yes | 307 (76.4) | 115 (78.2) | 0.369 b | 307 (76.4) | < 0.272f |
| no | 95 (23.6) | 32 (21.8) | 100 (23.6) | |||
| Capacities of daily living (IADL, 0–8); mean (sd) | 1.9 (2.1) | 1.9 (1.6) | 2.3 (1.9) | 2.5 (2.0) | < 0.050 a | |
| Quality of life (QoL-AD, 13–52); mean (sd) | 27.8 (5.6) | 28.6 (5.3) | 29.0 (5.4) | 29.0 (5.4) | 0.003 a | |
| Caregiver Burden (BIZAD_ADL, 0–16) (mean, sd) | 7.1 (5.1) | 6.3 (5.1) | 5.4 (4.5) | 4.9 (5.0) | 0.008 a | |
a ANOVA; b Fisher’s exact test; c chi-square-test; d Bowker’s Test; e paired sample t-test; f McNemar’s Test, DCN: regional dementia care network, sd standard deviation, FAST Functional Assessment Staging, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, CMAI Cohen-Mansfield-Agitation Inventory, IADL Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, QoL-AD Quality of Life Alzheimer’s Disease, BIZA-D Berliner Inventar zur Angehörigenbelastung – Demenz; underlined values are most favorable values, bold indicates significant results at significance level 0.05