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. 2018 Jul 28;69(20):4723–4737. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery256

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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 9. — A proposed model for the functions of Gnp4/LAX2. Gnp4/LAX2 encodes a RAWUL domain-containing protein. It is involved in axillary meristem formation and acts in the LAX1-dependent and LAX1-independent pathways (Tabuchi et al., 2011). In addition, Gnp4/LAX2 interacts with OsAUX/IAAs, such as OsIAA3 and OsIAA17. AUX/IAAs function in plant cells as transcription repressors of ARFs. With elevated mRNA levels, the abundance of Gnp4 possibly functions as a ‘blocker’ of the OsIAA3–OsARF25 interaction and thus enhances transcription of downstream target genes. OsARF25 acts upstream of OsERF142 and OsERF3 and directly binds to the promoter of OsERF142, which positively regulates cell expansion, consequently affecting phenotypic variation in grain length.