Table 1. Study patient demographics, source of sepsis, comorbidities, early clinical features, early sepsis management and outcomes and disposition.
SD = standard deviation. IQR = interquartile range. NH = nursing home. ICU = intensive care unit. LOS = length of stay.
| Variable, N = 97 | Value |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 64 years (14) |
| Male, % (N) | 54% (52/97) |
| White, % (N) | 52% (50/97) |
| Black, % (N) | 48% (47/97) |
| Source of sepsis, % (N) | |
| Pulmonary | 42% (41) |
| Urinary | 34% (33) |
| Intra-abdominal Skin/Soft-tissue |
12% (12) 6% (6) |
| Blood/Indwelling catheter Unknown Source |
5% (5) 1% (1) |
| Comorbidities, % (N) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 44% (43) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 24% (23) |
| End stage renal disease | 11% (11) |
| Active cancer Organ transplant |
10% (10) 2% (2) |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive | 3% (3) |
| Admitted from nursing home | 20% (19) |
| Early Clinical Features | |
| Initial systolic blood pressure, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 115 (34) |
| Initial mean arterial pressure, mm Hg, mean (SD) | 78 (16) |
| Initial heart rate, beats/min, mean (SD) | 107 (26) |
| Initial temperature, °F, mean (SD) | 99.5 (2.3) |
| Initial oxygen saturation, mm Hg, mean (SD) Initial respiratory rate, breaths/min, mean (SD) |
94 (11) 24 (10) |
| Initial Lactate, mmol/L, mean (SD) Repeat Lactate, mmol/L, mean (SD) |
3.7 (1.6) 3.4 (1.8) |
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 7 (5–10) |
| Early Sepsis Management | |
| Intravenous fluids in the first 6 hours, mL, median (IQR) | 3000 (2000–4750) |
| Intravenous fluids in the first 24 hours, mL, median (IQR) | 5000 (3000–7000) |
| Time to antibiotic administration, minutes, mean (SD) | 146 (112) |
| Mechanical ventilation use on enrollment, % (N) | 33% (32) |
| Vasopressor use on enrollment, % (N) | 42% (41) |
| Duration of vasopressor use, hours, median (IQR) | 39 (22–67) |
| Outcomes and Disposition | |
| Initial ICU admission, % (N) | 80% (78) |
| ICU LOS, days, median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) |
| Hospital LOS, days, median (IQR) | 8 (5–13) |
| In-hospital mortality, % (N) | 20% (19) |
| Disposition at discharge–Home or Rehab facility | 42% (41) |
| Disposition at discharge–NH, hospice, LTAC | 38% (37) |
| 28-day mortality, % (N) | 31% (30) |