Table 4. Dysfunctional HDL (Dys-HDL) and lipid levels at enrollment and 48 hours after enrollment by in-hospital death and 28-day mortality.

Student’s T test was performed for HDL-C, LDL-C, and lactate; Wilcoxon’s rank sum test was used for Dys-HDL and SOFA score; and Pearson’s Chi Square test was used for mechanical ventilation and vasopressors use comparisons.HDL, high density lipoprotein. LDL, low density lipoprotein. HII, HDL inflammatory index. SD, standard deviation. IQR, interquartile range.

Variable	In-hospital Death		P value	28 Day Mortality		P value
	Dead N = 19	Living N = 78		Dead N = 30	Living N = 67
Enrollment value
Dys-HDL (HII), median (IQR)	2.19 (1.32–3.6)	1.86 (1.23–2.65)	0.22	2.47 (1.49–3.6)	1.72 (1.19–2.47)		0.016
HDL-C (mg/dL), mean	25.2	28.8	0.47	23.7	29.7		0.15
LDL-C (mg/dL), mean	36.0	52.6	0.018	45.5	51.7		0.30
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean	93.2	105.8	0.16	98.8	105.8		0.35
Lactate (mmol/L), mean	4.78	3.07	0.001	4.68	2.84		<0.001
Mechanical Ventilation, % (n/total)	14/19	31/78	0.008	26/66	19/30		0.029
Vasopressor Use, % (n/total)	12/19	29/78	0.04	23/66	17/30		0.044
SOFA, median (IQR)	11 (7–14)	6 (4–9)	<0.001	10.5 (5–12)	6 (4–9)		0.001
48-hour value
Dys-HDL (HII), median (IQR)	1.66 (1.05–2.25)	1.68 (1.08–2.4)	0.70	2.05 (1.13–2.49)	1.59 (1.05–2.39)		0.34
HDL-C (mg/dL), mean	15.1	20.5	0.31	13.6	21.4		0.054
LDL-C (mg/dL), mean	32.5	55.8	0.002	43.8	56.3		0.038
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean	81.8	106.1	0.016	87.4	108.4		0.008
Vasopressor Use, % (n/total)	6/11	10/77	0.001	9/21	7/66		0.001
SOFA, median (IQR)	9 (7–13)	5 (1–6)	<0.001	7 (6–10)	4 (1–6)		<0.001
Delta value (48 hour–enrollment)
Delta Dys-HDL, median (IQR)	-0.45 (-2.6, -0.14)	0.01 (-0.46,0.26)	0.015	-1.12 (-1.52,0.12)	0.01 (-0.45,0.25)		0.044
Delta HDL-C (mg/dL), mean	-13.5	-8.0	0.16	-9.6	-8.3		0.68
Delta LDL-C (mg/dL), mean	-7.1	3.1	0.16	-3.2	3.5		0.24
Delta Total Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean	-17.0	0.40	0.036	-11.8	1.5		0.042