Table 1. Biochemical and clinical parameters of the GDM and NGT groups.
| GDM* | NGT* | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 31.0 (28–35) | 29.0 (28–30) | 0.1144 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 23.7 (21.4–26.3) | 20.9 (20.4–21.3) | 0.0258 |
| FPG [mg/dL] | 85.0 (79.0–92.0) | 77.5 (75.1–84.0) | 0.0616 |
| OGTT 120’ [mg/dL] | 160.0 (153.0–172.0) | 99.6 (88.8–100.9) | <0.0001 |
| CRP [mg/L] | 3.5 (2.3–8.3) | 1.5 (1.1–2.5) | 0.0119 |
| Insulin [μU/mL] | 10.7 (6.6–19.8) | 13.9 (7–15.5) | 0.7746 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.0 (1.5–3.8) | 2.3 (1.3–3.2) | 0.5899 |
| HOMA-ß | 203.3 (119.5–241.9) | 287.3 (208.5–344.0) | 0.0573 |
| QUICKI | 0.34 (0.032–0.37) | 0.34 (0.31–0.36) | 0.5899 |
| Total cholesterol [mg/dL] | 259.9 (233.3–283.4) | 219.5 (191.5–242.0) | 0.0070 |
| HDL [mg/dL] | 74.1 (57.0–86.0) | 61.4 (53.9–67.1) | 0.0802 |
| LDL [mg/dL] | 141.0 (116.0–173) | 119.0 (105.0–139.0) | 0.1567 |
| TG [mg/dL] | 215.9 (165.5–251.5) | 157.6 (116.5–203.9) | 0.0398 |
* Median with IQR
IQR- interquartile range
BMI–body mass index; FPG–fasting plasma glucose; OGTT–oral glucose tolerance test; CRP–C reactive protein; HOMA-IR—homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA- β–homeostasis model assessment of beta cells; QUICKI–quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; HDL—high-density lipoprotein; LDL—low-density lipoprotein; TG—triglycerides.