. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2018 Oct-Dec;32(4):270–275. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000253

Table 4.

Table 4 Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for dementia by midlife pulmonary function quintile stratified by midlife smoking, adjusted for demographics

	FEV₁		FEV₂		VC
Quintile	Never smoker HR (95% CI)	Current smoker HR (95% CI)	Never smoker HR (95% CI)	Current smoker HR (95% CI)	Never smoker HR (95% CI)	Current smoker HR (95% CI)
Observations	9034	9433	5859	6143	9258	9622
Cases	2572	2424	1442	1393	2644	2474

p-test for trend	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.001	0.0004
1- Worst	1.18 (1.03, 1.34)	1.23 (1.06, 1.41)	1.28 (1.07, 1.53)	1.30 (1.07, 1.58)	1.27 (1.11, 1.46)	1.36 (1.18, 1.57)
2	1.17 (1.03, 1.33)	1.13 (0.99, 1.30)	1.15 (0.95, 1.39)	1.34 (1.10, 1.62)	1.18 (1.03, 1.35)	1.25 (1.08, 1.44)
3	1.05 (0.91, 1.20)	1.18 (1.02, 1.36)	0.98 (0.82, 1.17)	1.17 (0.97, 1.42)	1.05 (0.93, 1.20)	1.25 (1.09, 1.42)
4	0.98 (0.87, 1.12)	1.04 (0.90, 1.20)	1.05 (0.89, 1.25)	1.12 (0.92, 1.36)	1.01 (0.89, 1.14)	1.11 (0.96, 1.27)
5- Best	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref	ref

Notes: Individuals missing smoking information or self-reported as past smokers in midlife are excluded from these analyses. All models adjust for age, height, race/ethnicity, and education.