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. 2018 Jun 19;26(10):1512–1520. doi: 10.1038/s41431-018-0204-5

Table 1.

Clinical Information of 8 individuals with TBCD encephalopathy from the Faroe Island

Family 1 Family 2 Family 3 Family 4 Family 5 Family 6
Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Case 8
Sex Female Male Male Male Female Female Female Female
Birth weight Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal
Apgar (5′/10′) 10/10 8/10 9/10 N.D. N.D. 8/10 10/10 N.D.
Age at presentation 6 m 9 m 4 m 4 m 5 m 6 m 7 m 5 m
Age at death 20 m 4 y 8 m 27 m 22 m 3 y 9 m 10 m 11 m 3 y 2 m
Cause of death Resp. Resp. Resp. Resp. Resp. Resp. i.sz./Resp. Resp.
Presenting symptoms DD, MH, RM DD from 6 m, MH, RA Suspected SZ, Sp DD, Sp DD, MH, RM DD, MH, Sp, RA DD, MH, RM, Sp DD, RM
Developmental regression Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Secondary microcephaly/lowest OFC SD/age N.D. −2.2/47 m −1.14/24 m −0.86/15 m −3.34/28 m −1.23/6 m −0.8/7 m −0.5/5 m
Muscular hypotonia truncus Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Spasticity Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hip luxation Bilateral Bilateral Hip dysplasia No Bilateral No No Yes
Onset epilepsy 15 m 19 m 6 m 14 m 6 m 9 m 9 m 10 m
Respiratory complications Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
CT of cerebrum (age) Mild to moderate cerebral atrophy (8 m) Moderate to severe cerebral atrophy (19 m) Mild cerebral atrophy (4 m)
Severe atrophy, most pronounced frontal (20 m)
Mild to moderate cerebral atrophy (4 m) Mild to moderate global cerebral atrophy (5 m) Moderate to severe global cerebral atrophy (10 m) No No
MR of cerebrum No No No 8 m (Fig. 2) 20 m (Fig. 2) no 9 m (Fig. 2) 6 m + 21 m (Fig. 2)
CNS obduction Yes (Suppl. S1) No No No No Yes (Fig. 3) Yes (Fig. 3) No
Muscle histology Yes (Suppl. S1) Yes (Suppl. S1) No No No Yes (see results) Yes (see results) No

m months, y years, N.D. not determined, Resp. respiratory complications, i.sz. intractable seizures, DD developmental delay/stagnation, M muscular hypotonia, RM reduced motor activity, RA reduced attentiveness and contact, SZ seizures, Sp spacticity, Suppl see supplementary material