Skip to main content
. 2018 Sep 15;23:45. doi: 10.1186/s12199-018-0733-0

Table 6.

The use of household chemicals during pregnancy (MT2)

Variables N %
Frequency of refueling a car with gasoline at a self-service gas station 97,672
 Everyday 147 0.2
 4–6 times a week 258 0.3
 2–3 times a week 2354 2.4
 Once a week 8957 9.2
 1–3 times a month 31,912 32.7
 Less than once a month 19,518 20.0
 Never 34,526 35.3
Use of a deodorizer or an air freshener
 Lavatory 97,531
 Yes (%) 82,658 84.8
 Living room or bedroom 97,495
  Yes (%) 55,267 56.7
Use of a moth repellent for clothes in the closet 97,513
 Yes, continuously 21,041 21.6
 Yes, sometimes 36,626 37.6
 Never 39,846 40.9
Use of a spray insecticide indoors 96,799
 Yes (%) 30,843 31.9
Frequency of using a spray insecticide indoors 31,676
 Everyday 572 1.8
 A few times a week 3490 11.0
 Once a week 1962 6.2
 1–3 times a month 6368 20.1
 Less than once a month 19,284 60.9
Use of a mosquito coil or an electric mosquito repellent mata 97,187
 Yes (%) 30,897 31.8
Frequency of using a mosquito coil or electric mosquito repellent mata 31,282
 Everyday 8986 28.7
 A few times a week 10,943 35.0
 Once a week 2175 7.0
 1–3 times a month 4193 13.4
 Less than once a month 4985 15.9
Use of a liquid insecticide for maggot and mosquito larva 97,618
 Yes (%) 710 0.7
Frequency of using a liquid insecticide for maggot and mosquito larva 706
 Everyday 27 3.8
 A few times a week 66 9.3
 Once a week 56 7.9
 1–3 times a month 139 19.7
 Less than once a month 418 59.2
Use of an herbicide or a gardening pesticide in a garden, balcony, or farm 97,425
 Yes (%) 8600 8.8
Frequency of using an herbicide or a gardening pesticide in a garden, balcony, or farm 8534
 Everyday 83 1.0
 A few times a week 201 2.4
 Once a week 211 2.5
 1–3 times a month 1363 16.0
 Less than once a month 6676 78.2
Spraying insect repellent on clothes or putting lotion on skin 97,152
 Yes (%) 23,829 24.5
Frequency of spraying insect repellent on clothes or putting lotion on skin 24,127
 Everyday 517 2.1
 A few times a week 4701 19.5
 Once a week 2134 8.8
 1–3 times a month 5592 23.2
 Less than once a month 11,183 46.4
Use of smoke insecticide indoors 97,500
 Yes (%) 6578 6.7
Use of a waterproof spray on clothes or shoes 97,468
 Yes (%) 11,005 11.3
Use of medicated soap or antibacterial soap 97,339
 Yes (%) 41,178 42.3
Use of a body deodorant 97,430
 Yes (%) 32,951 33.8
Use of cosmetics with strong perfume or a fragrance 97,588
 Quite often 2737 2.8
 Sometimes 14,613 15.0
 Rarely 19,465 19.9
 Never 60,773 62.3
Manicuring or using nail polish 97,608
 Quite often 5647 5.8
 Sometimes 18,313 18.8
 Rarely 14,332 14.7
 Never 59,316 60.8
Use of hair coloring products (e.g., hair dye) or perm solutions at home 97,616
 Quite often 1246 1.3
 Sometimes 11,801 12.1
 Rarely 9185 9.4
 Never 75,384 77.2
Coloring or perming hair at a beauty salon 97,585
 Quite often 3167 3.2
 Sometimes 28,750 29.5
 Rarely 17,100 17.5
 Never 48,568 49.8
Use of sunscreen 97,635
 Quite often 31,144 31.9
 Sometimes 27,038 27.7
 Rarely 9622 9.9
 Never 29,831 30.6
Using drug for treatment of scabies or lice 97,613
 Yes (%) 558 0.6

N number of valid responses

aContinuously for more than a few hours