Table 7.

Summary of key primary neurologic complications in children with HIV.

Complication	Prevalence	Key Studies
Progressive encephalopathy	Untreated children: 30–50% With early cART: <1%	Donald et al. 2015; Patel et al. 2009
Other cognitive impairment	Untreated children: >90% With early cART: 10–50%	Abubakar 2008; Nachman et al. 2009
Stroke	Uncommon (exact prevalence unknown)	Izbudak 2013; Shah et al. 1996
Seizures/Epilepsy	3–14%	Samia et al. 2013; Bearden et al. 2015
Myelopathy	Rare (exact prevalence unknown)	Sharer et al. 1990
Peripheral neuropathy	5–50%	Floeter et al. 1997; Peters et al. 2014