Table 1.

Sex differences in TS, body composition, physical activity, and psychological outcomes

	Men (n = 21)	Women (n = 29)
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Age	22.1 ± 3.07	21.2 ± 1.49
TS
TS temperature (°C)	48.05 ± 1.43	48.20 ± 1.37
TS heat magnitude	0.90 ± 1.58*	2.09 ± 1.87
Body composition (iDXA)
BMI	25.28 ± 3.20**	22.48 ± 2.53
Total fat percentage (%)	22.23 ± 9.22**	30.38 ± 5.09
A/G ratio	0.95 ± 0.22**	0.78 ± 0.16
Total lean mass (kg)	60 ± 8.22**	39.93 ± 4.82
Right arm lean percentage (%)	77.24 ± 8.06**	64.55 ± 4.95
Right arm fat percentage (%)	19.05 ± 8.71**	32.14 ± 5.42
Right arm lean mass (kg)	4.22 ± 0.83**	2.10 ± 0.25
Right arm fat mass (kg)	1.01 ± 0.56	1.02 ± 0.28
Right handgrip strength (kg)	46.10 ± 8.47**	29.79 ± 4.67
Six-min walk test
Covered distance (m)	639.4 ± 57.06	650.3 ± 36.86
Pain rating (at the middle)	0.5 ± 1.12	0.48 ± 0.95
RPE (at the middle)	2.64 ± 1.40	2.35 ± 1.38
Pain rating (at the end)	1.5 ± 2.15	0.83 ± 1.36
RPE (at the end)	3.5 ± 1.82	3.12 ± 1.50
Physical activity
Daily average time in sedentary and light activities (min)	668.89 ± 73.96	707.68 ± 77.58
Daily average time in MPVA activities (min)	179.77 ± 68.30	186.24 ± 57.42
Average time in MVPA bout (min)	18.37 ± 3.02	16.64 ± 2.66
Daily average number of MVPA bouts	8.26 ± 3.28	9.02 ± 2.98
PCS
Total PCS	13.43 ± 9.3	12.64 ± 8.97
Helplessness subscale	4.9 ± 4.3	4.5 ± 4.15
Magnification subscale	5.48 ± 4.08	4.79 ± 3.40
Rumination subscale	3.05 ± 2.03	3.36 ± 2.25
STAI
Trait anxiety	33.52 ± 7.36	33.83 ± 8.41
State anxiety	25.10 ± 5.03	27.04 ± 6.11

TS temporal summation, BMI body mass index, A/G ratio Android/ Gynoid ratio, RPE rate of perceived exertion, MVPA moderate to vigorous physical activity, min minutes, PCS pain catastrophizing scale, STAI the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Data are presented as mean ± SD

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01