Table 2.
Baseline metabolic characteristics of human subjects randomized to either placebo or pioglitazone treatment
| Placebo (n = 23) |
Pioglitazone (n = 27) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, yr | 54 (9) | 54 (8) | 0.98 |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 74% | 70% | 0.78 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 70% | 63% | 0.62 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 34.3 (4.7) | 33.8 (4.9) | 0.68 |
| Total body fat by DEXA, % | 34 (8) | 32 (7) | 0.60 |
| Liver fat, % | 16 (9) | 18 (9) | 0.65 |
| Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dl | 128 (31) | 128 (33) | 0.98 |
| A1c, % | 6.5 (0.9) | 6.6 (1.1) | 0.68 |
| Fasting plasma insulin, μU/ml | 19 (11) | 14 (10) | 0.07 |
| FFA, mmol/l | 0.57 (0.19) | 0.49 (0.17) | 0.12 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/l | 51 (28) | 57 (31) | 0.46 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/l | 76 (45) | 76 (46) | 0.99 |
| Adiponectin, μg/ml | 8.2 (5.4) | 9.1 (4.8) | 0.53 |
| Suppression of FFA by insulin, % | 40 (19) | 46 (21) | 0.34 |
| Suppression of EGP by insulin, % | −0.4 (0.2) | −0.4 (0.2) | 0.77 |
| Rd, mg kgLBM−1 min−1 | 4.8 (2.7) | 6.5 (3.5) | 0.05 |
DEXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; EGP, endogenous glucose production; Rd, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Continuous variables presented as means (SD).