Table 2.
Cytokines related to baseline and change in LVMI and GLS as Identified by PLS Analysis
| Characteristics | LV mass index | Absolute GLS | Change in LV mass index (g/m2) |
Change in absolute GLS (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| % variation explained by latent factors | ||||
| For predictor variables (cytokines) | 14.8 | 45.3 | 36.4 | 48.7 |
| For outcome variables (LV indexes) | 12.2 | 16.2 | 9.42 | 26.0 |
| N of used latent factors | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| P value | 0.0009 | 0.0012 | 0.0037 | 0.0002 |
| Factor | VIP | +/− | Factor | VIP | +/− | Factor | VIP | +/− | Factor | VIP | +/− | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||||||
| Top Cytokines responsible for outcome | HGF | 2.91 | + | VEGF-D | 2.11 | − | HGF | 2.36 | + | IL21 | 1.73 | − |
| ICAM-1 | 1.88 | + | IL15 | 1.54 | − | TNFβ | 2.66 | − | TRAIL | 1.72 | − | |
| TNFβ | 1.79 | + | MCP3 | 1.42 | − | IL9 | 2.16 | − | MIP1A | 1.48 | − | |
| Eotaxin | 2.54 | − | HGF | 1.37 | − | IFNα | 1.90 | − | HGF | 1.47 | − | |
| CD40L | 1.80 | − | ENA78 | 2.17 | + | FGF | 1.85 | − | IL1A | 1.47 | − | |
| IL1B | 1.64 | − | EGF | 1.75 | − | |||||||
| ENA78 | 1.55 | − | ||||||||||
LV mass index and GLS were adjusted for age and sex. Changes in LV mass index and GLS were adjusted for age and sex and baseline variable (LV mass index or GLS). Baseline and changes in GLS was additionally adjusted for BMI. P-values are for the associations between outcome and latent factors. VIP, variance importance in projection; GLS, global longitudinal strain. +/− = positive/negative association.
*
refers to cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, colony-stimulating factors and interferons (list of abbreviation is provided in Supplementary Table 1)