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. 2018 May 20;43(2):57–72. doi: 10.1584/jpestics.D17-081

Table 1. Transient species in laser flash photolysis (LFP) of pesticide a).

Pesticide Medium b) Transient c) λmax (nm) Lifetime d) Quencher e) Ref.
Chlorothalonil n-heptane (N2) T* 320 4.5 O2, An 27
pH 7, aq. ACN (Ar) T* 320 4 O2, IPA 28
2,4,5-T H2O (Ar) R (cation)/eaq 500/720 29
Pyrethroids f) ACN (O2) R (Bz) 360–380 >10 30
Fenvalerate ACN (–O2) R (Bz)×2 340/440 1–3/37 31
Carbaryl H2O (–O2) R (Np)/T*/eaq 340/410/725 —/2.9/— —/O2/O2 32
Carbofuran H2O (Ar) R (Ph) 380, 420 1.5 O2 33
Propoxur H2O (N2) R (Ph) 380 5.0 34
Thiobencarb aq. ACN (–O2) R (Bz) 270, 318 O2 35
Ethiofencarb aq. ACN (–O2) R (Bz) 257, 320 10 O2 35
Asulam H2O (–O2) T* 320, 440 0.47 O2 36
Metobromuron H2O (air) C/R(x) 300, 405/300, 460 —/100 IPA, O2 37, 38
Chlorsulfuron pH 3, aq. ACN (–O2) T* 300–310 2.7 O2 39
Thifensulfurong) pH 7 (–O2) T* 320 24 O2 40
Cycloxydim ACN (Ar) R (iminyl) 280, 350, 500 ca. 110 41
Cyanofos H2O (Ar) T*/eaq 280, 370, 500/720 5.9/— O2, Aa, N2O 42
Fenthion H2O (Ar) T*/eaq 320, 540/ca.700 17/— O2, N2O, An 43
Coumaphos aq. ACN (N2) T* 390, 430 20 O2 44
Triadimefon cyclohexane (Ar) R (Ph) 400 45
/Triadimenol aq. CH3OH (Ar) R (Ph) 310 46
Fenarimol CH3OH (air) T*/NI 315/350–450 47
Imazaquin pH 4 T* 380 11 O2 48
Metamitron H2O (Ar) T*×2 <400/560 <3/10 O2, MV2+ 49
Thiabendazole aq. ACN (N2) T* 570 1 O2 50

a) Excitation wavelength at 266 nm except for coumaphos (355 nm) from a Nd:YAG laser. b) Solvent (atmosphere). ACN, acetonitrile. c) NI, not characterized; T*, excited triplet state; R, radical (Bz, benzyl; Np, naphthoxyl; Ph, phenoxy); eaq, solvated electron; C, carbene; x, iminoquinone-O-oxide. d) in μsec. e) Aa, acrylamide; An, anthracene; IPA, isopropanol; MV2+, methyl viologen. f) Type-II having an α-cyanobenzyl moiety. g)Methyl ester.