. 2018 Feb 19;96(4):1362–1374. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky030

Table 4.

Fermentor pH, VFA concentration and molar proportion, and CH₄ output of annual ryegrass, canola, rapeseed, and turnip fed with orchardgrass during continuous culture fermentation

Item	Diet*				SEM
Item	ARG	CAN	RAP	TUR	SEM
pH
Mean	6.61	6.29	6.41	6.57	0.142
Minimum	6.40^a	6.08^b	6.14^a,b	6.16^a,b	0.078
Maximum	6.95	6.73	7.04	6.69	0.201
Total VFA, mM	90.2	84.8	88.9	84.9	4.68
Individual VFA, mol/100 mol
Acetate (A)	48.10	42.30	45.14	42.72	2.353
Propionate (P)	25.82^a	22.28^b	21.80^b	23.66^a,b	1.092
Butyrate (B)	11.44^a	15.53^a,b	16.80^b	14.21^a,b	1.478
Isobutyrate	0.84^a	0.39^b	0.42^b	0.43^b	0.044
Valerate (V)	3.22^a	3.98^a,b	4.37^b	3.55^a,b	0.256
Isovalerate	0.74^a	0.30^b	0.33^b	0.32^b	0.047
A:P	1.86^a	1.90^a	2.08^b	1.80^a	0.049
A + B:P + V	2.05^a	2.20^a,b	2.36^b	2.09^a	0.057
CH₄
mg CH₄/d	68.9^a	13.1^b	7.4^b	13.1^b	5.77
mg of CH₄/g of OM fed	0.94^a	0.18^b	0.18^b	0.10^b	0.079
mg of CH₄/g of NDF fed	2.37^a	0.56^b	0.31^b	0.55^b	0.204
mg of CH₄/g of digestible OM fed	2.22^a	0.30^b	0.22^b	0.37^b	0.139
mg of CH₄/g of digestible NDF fed	1.37^a	0.25^b	0.14^b	0.24^b	0.119

*ARG = 50% orchardgrass + 50% annual ryegrass; CAN = 50% orchardgrass + 50% canola; RAP = 50% orchardgrass + 50% rapeseed; TUR = 50% orchardgrass + 50% turnip.

^a–cWithin a row, means without a common superscript differ (P ≤ 0.05).