. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Sep 17.

Published in final edited form as: Prev Sci. 2017 Apr;18(3):281–291. doi: 10.1007/s11121-016-0665-0

Table 3.

Child Externalizing Problems between Groups

	HSD-LIW (n = 46)	LDD-LIW (n= 113)	HSD-HIW (n = 71)	LDD-HIW (n = 522)

	M(SE)	M(SE)	M(SE)	M(SE)
Parent report
Grade 4 externalizing	55.69 (3.07)^a	50.82 (1.95)	49.98 (1.52)	48.95 (0.86)
Grade 5 externalizing	54.11 (3.34)^a	51.40 (2.17)	50.77 (2.07)	47.22 (0.88)
Grade 7 CU trait	0.57 (0.09)	0.75 (0.06)^a,b	0.47 (0.06)	0.44 (0.04)
Teacher report
Grade 4 externalizing	63.96 (2.84)^a,b	57.05 (1.88)^a,b	49.97 (1.58)	51.31 (0.84)
Grade 5 externalizing	60.03 (2.55)^a,b	59.48 (2.48)^a,b	53.25 (1.83)	51.85 (0.98)

Significantly different from LDD-HIW group at 0.05 level using the Wald χ² test with 1 degree of freedom.

Significantly different from HSD-HIW group at 0.05 level using the Waldχ² test with 1 degree of freedom.

Note HSD = high stable discipline. LIW = low increasing warmth. LDD = low decreasing discipline. HIW = high increasing warmth.