Figure 6. EV-D68 induces type 2 cytokines, mucus genes, and greater airway hyperresponsiveness than RV-1B in allergen-challenged mice.
Female 8- to 12-week-old BALB/c mice were challenged with house dust mite (HDM) and treated with sham, 5 × 106 ePFU of EV-D68, or 5 × 106 PFU of RV-A1B. Lungs were harvested, and RNA was extracted for qPCR. BAL analysis was also carried out in similarly treated mice. A separate set of mice was similarly treated and anesthetized and endotracheally intubated for measurement of airway responsiveness. (A) BAL cell counts for PBS/sham-, PBS/EV-D68–, HDM/sham-, and HDM/EV-D68–treated groups. (B) qPCR analysis of the indicated genes for the 4 groups. Data are shown as mean ± SEM of 3–4 mice/group for a single experiment; *P < 0.05 by ANOVA, compared with sham, †P < 0.05 by ANOVA, compared with PBS. (C) Airway methacholine responsiveness of the indicated treatment groups. n =3–4/group from a single experiment; *P < 0.05 by 2-way ANOVA, compared with sham; †P < 0.05 by 2-way ANOVA, compared with all other groups.