Subject area	Agriculture, Food Security, Environmental Studies
More specific subject area	Crop Production, Crop Diversity, Farm Size, Smallholders
Type of data	CSV file
How data was acquired	All data were compiled via agricultural censuses or nationally representative household surveys.
Data format	Aggregated to sub/national level resolution.
Experimental factors	We describe the survey instruments used to build this harmonized dataset, and the methods of harmonization. We also test four aggregation assumptions we made with this dataset, including 1) using a constant yield across all farm size classes when crop production was not available, 2) using aggregate field size as a proxy for farm size, 3) relying on nationally representative household sample surveys that omitted non-family farms, and 4) crop species omission biases resulting from converting local species names to harmonized names. We also tested for regional biases resulting from our global convenience sample.
Experimental features	We describe key components of the data harmonization process and the dataset characteristics. Each of the four assumptions were tested in countries containing variables with both the assumption and the actual data. For example, we tested the constant yield bias in countries with datasets containing both the agricultural area and the actual crop production per farm size class. We then applied a constant yield across all farm size classes to the crop area variable and tested the difference between using the actual production versus the constant yield to calculate the production. Similar within country tests were conducted for each assumption.
Data source location	Sample containing 55 countries. See data coverage section for spatial coverage.
Data accessibility	Data accompanies article.