. 2018 Aug 3;11(8):1047–1054. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1047-1054

Table-3.

Data for VL, CD, villi/crypts ratio, area of villi, and number and area of duodenum goblet cells in each CLE treatment group on the Jawa Super chicken basal feed at day 16.

Variable	Treatment

	Control	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
Villus length (μm)	140.38±9.66^a	148.84±14.83^a	148.76±20.92^a	146.19±11.44^a	218.55±66.06^b	215.43±40.94^b
Crypt depth (μm)	87.36±13.06^ab	76.55±14.18^a	80.12±9.63^ab	96.24±20.01^b	87.69±6.81^ab	73.08±5.20^a
Villi/crypts ratio	1.66±0.25^a	2.20±0.51^ab	2.30±0.63^ab	1.92±0.58^a	2.78±0.83^b	2.83±0.15^b
Area of villus (μm²)	287.31±20.39^a	335.72±46.61^a	356.63±70.29^a	350.92±46.27^a	634.38±204.87^b	536.86±119.35^b
Number of goblet cells	83.00±3.72^a	91.12±4.80^ab	91.52±14.86^ab	93.84±8.33^ab	102.64±8.90^b	89.60±13.91^ab
Area of goblet cell (μm²)	5.66±1.04^a	5.89±0.92^a	6.86±2.96^a	7.44±0.32^ab	11.40±1.76^c	9.38±1.88^bc

Control: Group with basal feed; P1: Basal feed+CLE, 1.25 g/kg of feed; P2: Basal feed+CLE, 2.5 g/kg of feed; P3: Basal feed+CLE, 5 g/kg of feed; P4: Basal feed+CLE, 10 g/kg of feed; P5: Basal feed+CLE, 20 g/kg of feed. Mean±SD, ^a-cdifferent letters on values in the same row indicate a significant difference (p<0.05), ^nsvalues do not differ significantly (p≥0.05). CLE=Cashew leaf extract, SD=Standard deviation, VL=Villus length, CD=Crypt depth