. 2018 Aug 3;11(8):1047–1054. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1047-1054

Table-5.

Data for VL, CD, villi/crypts ratio, area of villi, and number and area of goblet cells of the ileum in each CLE treatment group on Jawa Super chicken basal feed at 16 days of age

Variable	Treatment

	Control	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
Villus length (μm)	133.38±12.07^ns	148.15±14.77^ns	151.05±24.01^ns	157.01±20.56 ^ns	163.08±17.01^ns	149.24±31.88^ns
CD (μm)	69.38±15.76^a	78.65±6.96^ab	83.79±6.42^ab	85.62±9.74 ^ab	89.98±15.24^b	91.91±17.57^b
Villi/crypts ratio	1.88±0.40^ns	1.9±0.22^ns	1.90±0.32^ns	2.16±0.23 ^ns	2.24±0.53^ns	1.91±0.60^ns
Area of villus (μm²)	290.39±22.61^a	379.96±63.11^b	350.24±70.18^ab	392.66±53.72^b	370.02±15.21^b	363.46±79.48^ab
Number of goblet cells	90.04±7.13^a	96.08±7.08^ab	90.56±8.94^a	96.16±13.13 ^ab	131.96±7.88^c	102.92±4.66^b
Area of goblet cell (μm²)	6.40±1.36^a	6.31±1.55^a	8.19±0.82^b	8.32±1.37 ^b	15.14±1.63^d	12.70±0.80^c

Control: Group with basal feed; P1: Basal feed+CLE, 1.25 g/kg of feed; P2: Basal feed+CLE, 2.5 g/kg of feed; P3: Basal feed+CLE, 5 g/kg of feed; P4: Basal feed+CLE, 10 g/kg of feed; P5: Basal feed+CLE, 20 g/kg of feed. Mean±SD, ^a-cdifferent letters on values in the same row indicate a significant difference (p<0.05), ^nsvalues do not differ significantly (p≥0.05). CLE=Cashew leaf extract, SD=Standard deviation, VL=Villus length, CD=Crypt depth