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. 2018 Sep 17;3:15. doi: 10.1038/s41536-018-0041-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — SMD and 95% CI for cartilage volume (a) and cartilage quality (b) between pre and post MSC treatment at final follow-up. The diamond represents the pooled effect size using the DerSimonian-Laird method. The vertical line at 0 represents no difference. While MSC treatment has a non-significant tendency to improve cartilage volume (pooled SMD: 0.49, 95% CI: −0.19, 1.16; P = 0.160), MSC treatment was effective in improving cartilage quality (pooled SMD: −1.99, 95% CI: −3.51, −0.47; P < 0.001). SMDs for cartilage quality were highly heterogeneous among studies (I²: 91%; P < 0.001)