Table 2.
Nucleotide sequences of the primers used to assay gene expressions by real-time PCR.
| Target gene | Forward primer (5′–3′) | Reverse primer (5′–3′) | Accession numbers or references |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMPKα1 | AGTTGGACGAGAAGGAG | AGGGCATACAAAATCAC | KX061840.1 |
| AMPKα2 | ACAGCCCTAAGGCACGATG | TGGGTCGGGTAGTGTTGAG | KX061841.1 |
| SIRT1 | TCGGTTCATTCAGCAGCACA | ATGATGATCTGCCACAGCGT | Gao et al., 2012 |
| PGC1-α | AAGGCATAAGGGTAATCGTA | GAACGAGCTGCACTTTTCCC | Gao et al., 2012 |
| GLUT 2 | ACGCACCCGATGTGAAAGT | TTGGACAGCAGCATTGATT | KC513421.1 |
| GK | AAAATGCTGCCCACTTAT | AATGCCCTTATCCAAATC | KJ141202.1 |
| PK | GCCGAGAAAGTCTTCATCGCACAG | CGTCCAGAACCGCATTAGCCAC | Gao et al., 2012 |
| PEPCK | TCGCCTGGATGAAGTTCGAC | GTCTTGGTGGAGGTTCCTGG | Gao et al., 2012 |
| G6Pase | TTCAGTGTCACGCTGTTCCT | TCTGGACTGACGCACCATTT | Gao et al., 2012 |
| FBPase | TACCCAGATGTCACAGAAT | CACTCATACAACAGCCTCA | KJ743995.1 |
| GS | CCTCCAGTAACAACTCACAACA | CAGATAGATTGGTGGTTACGC | Gao et al., 2012 |
| G6PDH | AGGTAAAGGTGCTGAAGT | AAATGTAGCCTGAGTGGA | KJ743994.1 |
| SREBP1 | GCTGGCGTGTCGCTATCT | TGTTGGCAGTCGTGGAGG | Qian et al., 2015 |
| FAS | AGCGAGTACGGTGATGGT | GGATGATGCCTGAGATGG | KF918747.1 |
| ACCα | TCTGCCCTCTATCTGTCT | ATGCCAATCTCATTTCCT | Qian et al., 2015 |
| PPARγ | AGCTTCAAGCGAATGGTTCTG | AGGCCTCGGGCTTCCA | HM140627 |
| PPARα | GTGCCAATACTGTCGCTTTCAG | CCGCCTTTAACCTCAGCTTCT | HM140628 |
| CPT I | TACTTCCAAAGCGGTGAG | AGAGGTATTGTCCGAGCC | Lu et al., 2014 |
| ACO | GCTCAACCCTGGCATACT | CTGGCTCAGCTTTACACG | Lu et al., 2014 |
| EF1α | CTTCTCAGGCTGACTGTGC | CCGCTAGCATTACCCTCC | X77689.1 |
AMPKα1, AMP-activated protein kinase α1; AMPKα2, AMP-activated protein kinase α2; SIRT1, sirtuin-1; PGC1-α, peroxisome proliferators γ-activated receptor coactivator-1α; GLUT 2, glucose transporter 2; GK, glucokinase; PK, pyruvate kinase; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; G6Pase, glucose-6-phosphatase; FBPase, fructose-1,6-biphosphatase; GS, glycogen synthase; G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; SREBP1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1; FAS, fatty acid synthetase; ACCα, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, CPT I, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I; ACO, acyl-CoA oxidase; EF1α, elongation factor 1 alpha.