Table 1.
Population characteristics and characteristics of patients flaring and not flaring between month 0 (M0) and month 6 (M6) (significance of the p value set at 5%)
| Characteristics | Population (n = 78) | Patients without flare between M0 and M6 (n = 33) | Patients with at least 1 flare between M0 and M6 (n = 19) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 64.8 ± 13.9 | 67.4 ± 12.3 | 67.7 ± 13.8 | 0.95 |
| Male | 68 (87.2%) | 26 (78.8%) | 17 (89.5%) | 0.46 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.9 ± 4.3 | 29.1 ± 4.5 | 28.7 ± 4 | 0.62 |
| Current smoking | 10 (12.8%) | 2 (6.1%) | 4 (21.1%) | 0.18 |
| Excessive alcohol consumption (n) | 38 (48.7%) | 16 (48.5%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.88 |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 76.8 ± 28.0 | 70.3 ± 28.2 | 77.5 ± 32.8 | 0.51 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| High blood pressure | 43 (55.1%) | 22 (66.7%) | 5 (26.3%) | 0.012 |
| Coronary heart disease | 12 (15.4%) | 2 (6.1%) | 4 (21.1%) | 0.18 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 3 (3.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 |
| Chronic heart disease | 18 (23.1%) | 8 (24.2%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.29 |
| Stroke | 8 (10.3%) | 5 (15.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.15 |
| Dyslipidemia | 37 (47.4%) | 18 (54.5%) | 8 (42.1%) | 0.56 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 (25.6%) | 12 (36.4%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.21 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 11 (14.1%) | 6 (18.2%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.69 |
| Psoriasis | 5 (6.4%) | 3 (9.1%) | 1 (5.3%) | 1 |
| Ongoing diuretics | 19 (24.4%) | 8 (24.2%) | 4 (21.1%) | 1 |
| Disease characteristics | ||||
| Gout duration (years) | 11.8 ± 11.9 | 9.6 ± 11.2 | 15.8 ± 13.4 | 0.061 |
| Renal stones | 13 (16.7%) | 6 (18.2%) | 3 (15.8%) | 1 |
| Family history of gout | 18 (23.1%) | 6 (18.2%) | 6 (31.6%) | 0.32 |
| Declared number of flares over the past year | 4.1 ± 5.9 | 3.2 ± 4.4 | 4.6 ± 5.8 | 0.15 |
| Baseline ongoing flare prophylaxis | 25 (32.1%) | 12 (36.4%) | 7 (36.8%) | 1 |
| Baseline serum urate (mg/dL) | 7.43 ± 2.33 | 6.93 ± 2.14 | 7.85 ± 2.12 | 0.096 |
| Ongoing urate lowering therapy | 36 (46.2%) | 16 (48.5%) | 9 (47.4%) | 1 |
| Allopurinol | 18 (50%) | 8 (50%) | 5 (55.6%) | 0.38 |
| Febuxostat | 16 (44.4%) | 8 (50%) | 3 (33.3%) | |
| Probenecid | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (11.1%) | |
| Benzbromarone | 1 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Subcutaneous tophi | 28 (35.9%) | 7 (21.2%) | 9 (47.4%) | 0.098 |
| US tophi | 49 (62.8%) | 19 (57.6%) | 13 (68.4%) | 0.63 |
| Number of joints with the US double contour sign (/6) | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 1 | 2.8 ± 1.4 | 0.3 |
| At least one US double contour sign | 75 (96.2%) | 32 (97%) | 19 (100%) | 1 |
| DECT MSU volume knees (cm3) | 6.3 ± 28.1 | 0.6 ± 1.3 | 1.7 ± 3.4 | 0.11 |
| DECT MSU volume feet (cm3) | 5.4 ± 16.7 | 0.9 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 2.1 | 0.0064 |
US ultrasonography, DECT dual-energy computed tomography, MSU monosodium urate
Significance of the p value was set at 5% are in bold