Table 4.
Comparison of all study performance outcome variables of selection-positive (SP) and selection-negative (SN) students. For all analyses, route of entry was coded SN = 0 and SP = 1, making SN the reference group; cohort and sex were controlled for
| Cognitive outcomes | ||||||
| Cognitive courses | SP; M (SD)a | SN; M (SD) | Bb | SRCc | t-value | p-value |
| Year 1 | 7.00 (0.88) | 6.85 (0.94) | 0.151 | 0.082 | 2.106 | 0.036* |
| Year 2 | 6.82 (0.88) | 6.68 (0.89) | 0.106 | 0.059 | 1.520 | 0.129 |
| Cognitive courses | % of SP | % of SN | B | ORd | Walde | p-value |
| Year 3 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 11.0 | 17.2 | -0.507 | 0.602 | 4.225 | 0.040* |
| Excellent/Non-excellent | 13.6 | 8.8 | 0.424 | 1.528 | 2.369 | 0.124 |
| CATf | SP; M (SD)a | SN; M (SD) | Bb | SRCc | t-value | p-value |
| Year 3 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 10.8 | 15.9 | -0.467 | 0.627 | 3.403 | 0.065 |
| Good/Non-good | 5.9 | 9.3 | -0.481 | 0.618 | 2.308 | 0.129 |
| Progress tests (Z-scores) | SP; M (SD) | SN; M (SD) | B | SRC | t-value | p-value |
| Year 1 | 0.07 (0.78) | -0.06 (0.82) | 0.141 | 0.087 | 2.243 | 0.025* |
| Year 2 | 0.06 (0.83) | -0.07 (0.85) | 0.137 | 0.080 | 2.013 | 0.045* |
| Year 3 | 0.05 (0.85) | -0.04 (0.88) | 0.090 | 0.052 | 1.256 | 0.210 |
| (Inter)personal outcomes | ||||||
| COREg | % of SP | % of SN | B | OR | Wald | p-value |
| Year 1 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 1.3 | 2.5 | -0.546 | 0.579 | 0.830 | 0.362 |
| Good/Non-good | 52.1 | 41.4 | 0.464 | 1.591 | 8.068 | 0.005* |
| Year 2 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 0.5 | 2.3 | -1.299 | 0.273 | 2.428 | 0.119 |
| Good/Non-good | 46.7 | 39.5 | 0.272 | 1.312 | 2.630 | 0.105 |
| Year 3 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 0 | 0 | N.A.i | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Good/Non-good | 62.3 | 49.8 | 0.494 | 1.639 | 8.424 | 0.004** |
| Professional Behavior | % of SP | % of SN | B | OR | Wald | p-value |
| Year 1 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 0.5 | 0.4 | -0.436 | 0.647 | 0.124 | 0.725 |
| Year 2 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 0.0 | 0.8 | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Year 3 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 0 | 0 | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. | N.A. |
| Excellent/Non-excellent | 12.1 | 6.8 | 0.580 | 1.785 | 3.343 | 0.067 |
| Portfolio | ||||||
| Year 1 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 1.3 | 4.0 | -1.228 | 0.293 | 4.931 | 0.026* |
| Mixed outcomes | ||||||
| OSCE | % of SP | % of SN | B | OR | Wald | p-value |
| Year 1 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 8.7 | 11.2 | -0.397 | 0.673 | 1.961 | 0.161 |
| Good/Non-good | 38.6 | 32.0 | 0.433 | 1.542 | 5.653 | 0.017* |
| Year 2 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 4.6 | 5.4 | -0.176 | 0.839 | 0.218 | 0.641 |
| Good/Non-good | 61.3 | 51.4 | 0.407 | 1.502 | 5.794 | 0.016* |
| Year 3 | ||||||
| Fail/Non-fail | 2.0 | 5.4 | -1.023 | 0.359 | 4.482 | 0.034* |
| Good/Non-good | 52.9 | 38.0 | 0.608 | 1.837 | 12.149 | 0.000** |
| General outcomes | ||||||
| Drop-out | % of SP | % of SN | B | OR | Wald | p-value |
| Year 1 | 3.0 | 4.5 | -0.366 | 0.694 | 0.787 | 0.375 |
| Entire bachelor | 3.5 | 6.2 | -0.566 | 0.568 | 2.335 | 0.127 |
| Study delay | % of SP | % of SN | B | OR | Wald | p-value |
| Bachelor | 19.2 | 25.5 | -0.359 | 0.698 | 3.470 | 0.062 |
| ECTS | SP; M (SD) | SN; M (SD) | B | SRC | t-value | p-value |
| Year 3, including resits | 166.5 (35.5) | 161.2 (42.6) | 4.689 | 0.060 | 1.590 | 0.112 |
a M (SD) = Mean (Standard Deviation). b B = Regression coefficient. c SRC=Standardized Regression Coefficient. d OR=Odds Ratio. e Wald = Wald statistic. f CAT = Critical Appraisal of a Topic. g CORE = Consulting and Reflecting skills. h OSCE = Objective Structured Clinical Examination. i N.A.= Not Applicable. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005