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. 2018 Sep 17;18:256. doi: 10.1186/s12906-018-2323-5

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — Antioxidant activities of ES extract. a Scavenging effect of ES on DPPH radical (b) ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity of the extract. The ES ethanol extract (ESEE) (8, 40, 200 μg/ml), ascorbic acid (20 μg/ml) were incubated with DPPH, ABTS⁺ solution, respectively. Results are represented as percentages of control, and the data represent mean ± S.D. for three separate experiments. Values are significantly different by comparison with control. *: p < 0.05, **: p < 0.01