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. 2018 Feb 6;35(5):551–558. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmx139

Table 3.

Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for slowest quartile time along patient pathway to diagnosis

Time to diagnosis
Slowest quartile for first symptom to first attend the GPs Slowest quartile for first attend the GPs to referral Slowest quartile for referral to see the specialist Slowest quartile for first symptoms to see the specialist
n/total OR 95% CI n/total OR 95% CI n/total OR 95% CI n/total OR 95% CI
Age groupa
<60 21/84 1.01 0.43–2.35 24/84 2.53 0.98–6.52 20/84 1.74 0.62–4.86 25/84 1.38 0.60–3.19
60–69 14/56 1.00 (reference) 9/56 1.00 (reference) 9/56 1.00 (reference) 14/56 1.00 (reference)
>60 19/86 0.83 0.36–1.91 20/86 1.72 0.66–4.51 26/86 2.46 0.99–6.17 19/86 0.88 0.27–2.12
Sexb
Female 24/105 1.00 (reference) 25/105 1.00 (reference) 25/105 1.00 (reference) 25/105 1.00 (reference)
Male 30/121 1.08 0.54–2.14 28/121 0.96 0.49–1.89 30/121 1.18 0.59–2.35 33/121 1.13 0.60–2.10
Ethnicityc
White British 48/195 1.00 (reference) 48/195 1.00 (reference) 46/195 1.00 (reference) 52/195 1.00 (reference)
Other 7/31 0.92 0.34–2.51 5/31 0.43 0.13–1.40 9/31 1.23 0.47–3.17 6/31 0.61 0.21–1.78
Houseboundd
No 54/196 1.00 (reference) 42/196 1.00 (reference) 48/196 1.00 (reference) 54/196 1.00 (reference)
Yes 1/31 0.10 0.01–0.77 11/31 2.45 0.90–6.69 7/31 0.61 0.18–2.03 4/31 0.42 0.11–1.60
Problems in communicationd
No 48/196 1.00 (reference) 49/196 1.00 (reference) 48/196 1.00 (reference) 52/196 1.00 (reference)
Yes 7/30 0.93 0.32–2.72 4/30 0.44 0.12–1.65 7/30 0.80 0.27–2.37 6/30 0.78 0.25–2.41
Symptomsd
Headache 13/47 1.13 0.39–3.22 15/47 6.47 1.22–34.3 10/47 1.18 0.39–3.61 15/47 2.33 0.80–6.80
 Headache only 6/16 1.96 0.54–7.05 8/16 11.8 1.88–73.9 3/16 0.92 0.18–4.55 7/16 4.11 1.10–15.5
 Headache plus 7/31 0.81 0.23–2.80 8/31 4.54 0.78–26.5 7/31 1.34 0.39–4.54 8/31 1.68 0.50–5.60
Behavioural/cognitive 10/28 1.64 0.55–4.85 7/28 5.41 0.98–29.8 8/28 1.59 0.47–5.37 9/28 2.62 0.77–8.90
 Confusion 3/14 0.97 0.22–4.28 1/14 1.55 0.11–21.3 3/14 1.06 0.17–6.53 2/14 1.13 0.20–6.59
 Memory 6/14 2.55 0.67–9.68 6/14 10.9 1.79–66.1 5/14 2.15 0.52–8.84 7/14 4.82 1.15–20.1
Focal neurology 14/75 0.70 0.26–1.87 14/75 3.37 0.69–16.52 22/75 1.61 0.60–4.31 18/75 1.79 0.62–5.17
Fits, faints or falls 11/47 1.00 (reference) 3/47 1.00 (reference) 9/47 1.00 (reference) 7/47 1.00 (reference)
Non-specific neurological 3/11 0.96 0.16–5.79 5/11 11.9 1.82–77.8 3/11 1.73 0.36–8.45 2/11 1.29 1.96–8.51
Other/non-specific 5/18 1.15 0.27–4.88 7/18 8.23 1.03–66.0 3/18 0.71 0.14–3.60 7/18 3.35 0.89–12.65
Investigation before referrald
No 31/153 1.00 (reference) 20/153 1.00 (reference) 34/153 1.00 (reference) 24/153 1.00 (reference)
Yes 24/73 2.02 1.01–4.03 32/73 5.53 2.62–11.67 21/73 1.33 0.68–2.60 34/73 4.81 2.36–9.79
Type of referrald
Emergency 20/98 1.00 (reference) 16/98 1.00 (reference) 11/98 1.00 (reference) 17/98 1.00 (reference)
Not referred by practice 7/38 0.79 0.24–2.55 5/38 0.70 0.18–2.73 6/38 1.57 0.34–7.22 4/38 0.57 0.17–1.89
2 week/private 13/46 1.56 0.67–3.61 14/46 2.26 0.89–2.73 10/46 2.17 0.74–6.39 13/46 1.78 0.72–4.44
Routine 15/44 2.08 0.86–4.99 18/44 3.67 1.53–8.85 28/44 14.5 5.13–40.8 24/44 5.72 2.26–14.5
Which specialist to be referredd
A&E 3/24 1.00 (reference) 3/24 1.00 (reference) 2/24 1.00 (reference) 1/24 1.00 (reference)
Neurosur/neurol 20/84 2.81 0.53–15.0 28/84 4.35 0.68–27.8 22/84 5.60 0.69–45.6 23/84 7.42 0.83–66.2
Med/stroke/opth/paeds/ miscl 33/118 3.82 0.73–19.9 21/118 1.97 0.32–11.9 31/118 5.52 0.69–44.1 34/118 9.45 1.03–87.1

A&E, accident and emergency; Neurosur/neurol, neurosurgery and neurology; Med/stroke/opth/paeds/miscl, medicine and geriatrics, stroke, ophthalmology, paediatrics and miscellaneous.

aAdjusted for sex and ethnicity; bAdjusted for age group and ethnicity; cAdjusted for age group and sex; dAdjusted for age group, sex and ethnicity.

Long time to diagnosis defined as worst quartile of time to diagnosis period.