Table 2. In-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity of Very Preterm Infants of Mothers With Diabetes.

Characteristic	No. (%)		OR (95% CI)
	Infants of Mothers With Diabetes (n = 3280)	Infants of Mothers Without Diabetes (n = 73 080)	Crude	Model 1 Adjusteda	Model 2 Adjustedb	Model 3 PS-Matchedc
In-hospital mortality	215 (6.6)	6043 (8.3)	0.78 (0.68-0.90)	1.06 (0.90-1.24)	1.16 (0.97-1.39)	1.08 (0.88-1.32)
In-hospital mortality or severe neonatal morbidityd	984 (31.6)	28 803 (40.6)	0.67 (0.62-0.73)	0.94 (0.86-1.03)	0.99 (0.88-1.10)	0.94 (0.85-1.04)
RDS	2165 (67.0)	45 237 (62.4)	1.22 (1.13-1.32)	1.04 (0.96-1.13)	1.01 (0.91-1.11)	1.05 (0.95-1.17)
IVH grade 3-4 or cPVL	218 (6.9)	6187 (8.7)	0.78 (0.68-0.90)	0.84 (0.72-0.98)	0.91 (0.77-1.08)	0.91 (0.75-1.12)
Treated PDA	766 (23.4)	18 536 (25.4)	0.90 (0.83-0.97)	1.00 (0.91-1.10)	0.98 (0.89-1.09)	1.01 (0.91-1.13)
Severe ROP (treated)	157 (4.8)	5259 (7.2)	0.82 (0.70-0.96)	0.93 (0.77-1.11)	0.85 (0.69-1.03)	1.01 (0.81-1.26)
BPD	611 (20.3)	18 544 (27.9)	0.66 (0.60-0.72)	0.96 (0.87-1.07)	1.01 (0.89-1.14)	0.94 (0.83-1.06)
NECe	137 (5.2)	1940 (4.2)	1.25 (1.04-1.49)	1.18 (0.97-1.43)	1.18 (0.97-1.44)	1.10 (0.84-1.43)

Abbreviations: BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; cPVL, cystic periventricular leukomalacia; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; N, total number in category; n, number in group; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; OR, odds ratio; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; PS, propensity score; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.

^aModel 1 adjusted for maternal age of 35 years or older, maternal hypertensive disease in pregnancy, gestational age, sex, birth weight z score, and network.

^bModel 2 adjusted for the same covariates as in model 1 and antenatal corticosteroids, mode of delivery, and outborn.

^cModel 3: PS-matched ORs, stratified by network.

^dSevere neonatal morbidity defined as IVH grade 3-4, cPVL, treated ROP, or BPD.

^eUK info unavailable.