Table 3. Hazard Ratio of End-stage Renal Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Mortality in African American Women With High-Risk APOL1 Genotypesa.
| Incident Outcome | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| End-stage renal disease | 1.42 (1.01-1.99) | 1.43 (1.01-2.02) | 1.02 (0.72-1.45) |
| Coronary heart diseaseb | 1.13 (0.89-1.43) | 1.15 (0.90-1.46) | 1.13 (0.89-1.44) |
| All-cause stroke | 0.92 (0.70-1.21) | 0.88 (0.67-1.16) | 0.84 (0.64-1.11) |
| Ischemic stroke | 0.84 (0.60-1.18) | 0.82 (0.58-1.14) | 0.78 (0.56-1.10) |
| All-cause heart failure | 1.19 (0.89-1.58) | 1.18 (0.89-1.58) | 1.13 (0.84-1.50) |
| HFpEFc | 1.54 (1.01-2.35) | 1.58 (1.03-2.41) | 1.50 (0.98-2.30) |
| HFrEFd | 1.07 (0.65-1.75) | 1.05 (0.64-1.71) | 1.00 (0.61-1.65) |
| All-cause death | 1.06 (0.92-1.23) | 1.06 (0.92-1.23) | 1.02 (0.89-1.18) |
| Cardiovascular disease mortality | 1.10 (1.09-1.12) | 1.05 (0.83-1.34) | 1.01 (0.79-1.29) |
| Composite coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke | 1.02 (0.85-1.23) | 1.01 (0.84-1.22) | 1.00 (0.83-1.20) |
Abbreviations: HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
a
Model 1 was age adjusted. Model 2 was adjusted for age, waist, education, income, region, smoking, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension treatment, diabetes, enrollment in observational study vs randomized clinical trial, and use of lipid medications. Model 3 was model 2, further adjusted for baseline glomerular filtration rate. All values are with reference to the low-risk APOL1 variant carrier group.
b
Among individuals without prevalent CVD.
c
n = 10 971.
d
n = 10 961.