Table 2. Out-of-Pocket Health Care Costs of Care for Families With 1 or More Members With ASCVD in the United States.
| Variablea | 2006-2007 | 2008-2009 | 2010-2011 | 2012-2013 | 2014-2015 | P Value for Trendb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | ||||||
| National population, 1000 families | 42 138 (1000) | 44 934 (1094) | 47 914 (1274) | 49 565 (1225) | 48 254 (1355) | NA |
| Family income | 59 523 (1443) | 56 777 (1473) | 56 676 (1585) | 56 287 (1581) | 57 047 (1536) | .24 |
| Total medical costs | 20 497 (662) | 19 106 (556) | 20 034 (625) | 19 137 (718) | 21 763 (642) | <.001 |
| Total out-of-pocket expenses | 4415 (130) | 4008 (109) | 3628 (103) | 3704 (144) | 3670 (107) | <.001c |
| Insurance premiums | 1686 (75) | 1521 (59) | 1480 (67) | 1549 (62) | 1670 (71) | .57 |
| Out-of-pocket health service expenses | 2729 (93) | 2487 (87) | 2148 (68) | 2156 (121) | 2000 (69) | <.001c |
| Out-of-pocket expenses for member(s) with ASCVD | 1926 (62) | 1792 (74) | 1514 (51) | 1483 (94) | 1434 (58) | <.001c |
| Mid/high–income families | ||||||
| National population, 1000 families | 36 099 (940) | 36 502 (927) | 39 458 (1109) | 40 567 (1056) | 39 413 (1239) | NA |
| Family income | 84 627 (1736) | 81 975 (1889) | 82 601 (1812) | 83 705 (2015) | 82 651 (1830) | .65 |
| Total medical costs | 21 120 (967) | 19 424 (749) | 20 627 (807) | 20 386 (1083) | 22 296 (844) | .002 |
| Total out-of-pocket expenses | 5292 (171) | 5039 (134) | 4567 (126) | 4869 (188) | 4801 (143) | <.001b |
| Insurance premiums | 2213 (101) | 2069 (85) | 2013 (89) | 2196 (87) | 2319 (99) | .71 |
| Out-of-pocket health service expenses | 3078 (125) | 2970 (106) | 2554 (84) | 2672 (169) | 2482 (95) | <.001c |
| Out-of-pocket expenses for member(s) with ASCVD | 2063 (76) | 2029 (92) | 1735 (66) | 1762 (134) | 1713 (82) | <.001c |
| Low-income families | ||||||
| National population, in 1000 families | 6039 (224) | 8432 (359) | 8456 (359) | 8999 (329) | 8841 (340) | NA |
| Family income | 17 215 (345) | 17 759 (367) | 16 991 (357) | 17 507 (376) | 16 941 (336) | .21 |
| Total medical costs | 19 446 (744) | 18 615 (697) | 19 127 (1027) | 17 371 (689) | 20 927 (969) | .004 |
| Total out-of-pocket expenses | 2937 (132) | 2412 (129) | 2192 (107) | 2057 (135) | 1899 (107) | <.001c |
| Insurance premiums | 798 (75) | 672 (46) | 664 (58) | 632 (51) | 653 (68) | .76 |
| Out-of-pocket health service expenses | 2139 (98) | 1740 (112) | 1528 (93) | 1425 (115) | 1246 (82) | <.001c |
| Out-of-pocket expenses for member(s) with ASCVD | 1697 (84) | 1424 (98) | 1177 (87) | 1089 (98) | 996 (73) | <.001c |
Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; NA, not applicable.
a
Unless otherwise specified, numbers represent mean costs in US dollars, and those in parentheses represent standard errors for national estimates.
b
P value for trend for log of corresponding income or expense.
c
P value for negative trend.