. 2018 Sep 6;14(9):e1007650. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007650

Table 3. Results of polygenic adaptation tests for a chosen set of physiology and fertility phenotypes.

Results for all GWAS phenotypes are presented in S8 Table.

Phenotype	Direction^a	GWAS sample^b	Outlier test		P_frq.diff^c
Phenotype	Direction^a	GWAS sample^b	Statistic	P-value	P_frq.diff^c
1. Fertility phenotypes
A woman’s age at her first childbirth	-	CM	-1.9286	0.0000	0.576
# of live births	+	CM	2.5062	0.0020	0.002
# of miscarriages	-	CM	-3.0936	0.0000	0.024
# of children born alive but died < 1 yr	-	CM	-2.4325	0.0000	0.012
# of children born alive but died < 15 yr	-	CM	-2.0293	0.0000	0.024
# of children born alive but died < 5 yr	-	All	-1.5043	0.0000	0.134
# of children died ≥ 5 yr and < 15 yrs	-	CM	-1.1255	0.0256	0.304
# of children surviving at 1 yr	+	All	1.7603	0.0100	0.017
Proportion of children born alive but died < 15 yr	-	CM	-1.2639	0.0224	0.101
Proportion of stillbirths among pregnancies	-	CM	-2.1763	0.0008	0.230
Proportion of stillbirths among pregnancies	-	All	-1.6320	0.0004	0.285
# of twin births	-	CM	-2.4344	0.0000	0.021
# of twin births	-	All	-1.1421	0.0024	0.139
2. Physiological phenotypes
Hb	-		-1.0490	0.0000	0.047
Hb without EPAS1	-		-0.5003	0.8460	0.467
oxyHb	-		-0.5657	0.0008	0.102
oxyHb without EPAS1	-		0.8596	0.0656	0.554
deoxyHb	-		-1.4628	0.0024	0.023
Pulse	-		-0.4412	0.4048	0.062

^a Assumed direction of positive selection for each phenotype

^b All GWAS data used in this table are from our Tibetan sample. Two sample sets for fertility phenotypes were used: all samples (All) and continuously married subset (CM)

^c One-sided empirical p-value for the mean frequency difference test