Table 2.

Multivariable Analysis for Overall Mortality (n=915)

Variable	Univariable		Multivariable
	HR (95% CI)	p-value*	HR (95% CI)	p-value*
Age, yr	1.03 (1.01–1.04)	<0.001	1.01 (0.99–1.03)	0.28
Male sex	0.86 (0.64–1.16)	0.34
Etiology
HCV	1.86 (1.29–2.69)	<0.001	1.07 (0.69–1.65)	0.76
HBV+HCV	0.79 (0.25–2.49)	0.69
Others†	1.09 (0.73–1.64)	0.67
MELD score	1.16 (1.12–1.21)	<0.001	1.10 (0.99–1.23)	0.09
AST, IU/L	1.01 (1.004–1.010)	<0.001	1.00 (0.997–1.006)	0.58
ALT, IU/L	1.00 (0.998–1.004)	0.49
Albumin, g/dL	0.33 (0.26–0.43)	<0.001	0.57 (0.42–0.79)	<0.001
Total bilirubin, mg/dL	1.12 (1.03–1.21)	0.01	0.92 (0.72–1.17)	0.49
Creatinine, mg/dL	1.15 (1.01–1.33)	0.04	0.93 (0.64–1.34)	0.68
PT INR	8.21 (4.02–16.76)	<0.001	0.56 (0.14–2.25)	0.41
Platelet, ×103/μL	0.995 (0.992–0.997)	<0.001	1.00 (0.997–1.003)	0.90
AFP, log (ng/mL)	1.13 (1.08–1.18)	<0.001	1.04 (0.99–1.11)	0.13
Tumor size, cm	1.13 (0.998–1.278)	0.05
No. of tumor	1.12 (0.81–1.54)	0.50
Treatment method
Resection vs RFA	0.80 (0.61–1.07)	0.13
Recurrence, yr
0‡
<1	47.42 (19.43–115.75)	<0.001	36.91 (15.02–90.69)	<0.001
1–2	18.83 (7.45–47.57)	<0.001	15.88 (6.26–40.27)	<0.001
2–3	16.11 (6.07–42.73)	<0.001	13.04 (4.88–34.82)	<0.001
≥ 3	4.72 (1.57–14.17)	0.006	4.41 (1.46–13.29)	0.008

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; PT INR, international normalized ratio for prothrombin time; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; RFA, radiofrequency ablation.

^*p-value estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression;

^†Other causes included alcohol, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis;

^‡Reference: non-recurrence.