Table 4.
Selection of Variables for a New Model Using Backward Elimination Method in the Training Cohorts (n=582)
| Variable | Univariable | Multivariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||
| HR (95% CI) | p-value* | HR (95% CI) | p-value* | |
| Age, yr | 1.02 (1.003–1.030) | 0.02 | 1.028 (1.004–1.031) | 0.01 |
| Male sex | 1.48 (1.09–2.01) | 0.01 | - | - |
| Etiology | - | - | ||
| HBV | Reference | |||
| HCV | 1.40 (0.92–2.13) | 0.11 | ||
| HBV+HCV | 1.54 (0.72–3.27) | 0.26 | ||
| Others† | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) | 0.33 | ||
| MELD score | 1.09 (1.04–1.15) | <0.001 | - | - |
| AST, U/L | 1.01 (1.003–1.011) | <0.001 | - | - |
| ALT, U/L | 1.00 (1.001–1.006) | 0.01 | - | - |
| Albumin, g/dL | 0.59 (0.43–0.81) | 0.001 | - | - |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.14 (0.87–1.49) | 0.35 | - | - |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.09 (0.97–1.23) | 0.14 | - | - |
| PT INR | 5.20 (2.06–13.14) | <0.001 | 5.63 (2.24–14.18) | <0.001 |
| Platelet, ×103/μL | 0.995 (0.992–0.998) | <0.001 | - | - |
| AFP, log (ng/mL) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.73 | - | - |
| Tumor size, cm | 0.95 (0.85–1.07) | 0.43 | - | - |
| No. of tumor | 1.10 (0.39–3.09) | 0.85 | - | - |
| Treatment method | ||||
| Resection vs RFA | 0.64 (0.49–0.83) | <0.001 | - | - |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; PT INR, international normalized ratio for prothrombin time; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; RFA, radiofrequency ablation.
*
p-value estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression;
†
Other causes included alcohol, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis.