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. 2018 Sep 18;8:13995. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32275-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in the levels of 11 cytokines and PAI-1 and in SOFA and DIC scores. (a) (A) Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), (B) interleukin-6 (IL-6), (C) interleukin-8 (IL-8), (D) interleukin-10 (IL-10), (E) monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), (F) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), (G) interleukin-12/23p40 (IL-12/IL-23p40), (H) interleukin-4 (IL-4), (I) interleukin-17A (IL-17A), (J) interferon-α (IFN-α), (K) interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and (L) tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The cytokine and PAI-1 values were transformed to common logarithm values to normalise the distribution of the data. All data are expressed as mean ± SD. Asterisks indicate a significant difference in cytokine and PAI-1 levels between control and septic patients on each day (P < 0.05). (b) Changes of (M) SOFA score, (N) JAAM score (O) and ISTH DIC score. The boxes indicate the lower and upper quartiles, the central line is the median, and the ends of the whiskers represent the maximum and minimum values. SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; JAAM: Japanese Association for Acute Medicine; ISTH: International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis.