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. 2018 Sep 18;8:13976. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32419-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Serum ANGPTL2 concentrations and ANGPTL2 mRNA expression in human. (a) Serum ANGPTL2 concentrations in patients with obesity (n = 31), obesity and type 2 diabetes (n = 14), and normal-weight control patients (n = 32). Data are log-transformed for statistical analysis and shown as the mean ± SE on the original (back-transformed) scale. *p < 0.01 vs. control, ^#p < 0.01 vs. obesity group according to ANOVA and the Tukey’s test. (b) Significant reduction in serum ANGPTL2 concentration following RYGB surgery in obese patients. Serum ANGPTL2 concentration and metabolic parameters were measured before and 5–9 months (average 7.3 months) after surgery in a subgroup of obese patients (n = 23). *p < 0.01 vs. before surgery according to paired t-test. (c) Close association between percentage reduction in serum ANGPTL2 concentrations and percentage reduction in serum IL-34 following the surgery. Percent reduction in serum ANGPTL2 was calculated as [(serum ANGPTL2 before surgery – serum ANGPTL2 after surgery) ÷ serum ANGPTL2 before surgery] × 100. The correlation coefficient (r) between changes in measurements was calculated using Spearman’s correlation.