Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 Sep 18;9:3804. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06225-x

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — Bidirectional flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the central canal of the spinal cord. a Single frames from time lapses of 24 h post fertilization (hpf) Tg(β-actin:Arl13B-GFP) embryos expressing GFP in cilia. Images taken from progressively dorsal focal planes. Scale: 25 µm. b Quantification of ciliary motion from time lapses; ventral planes exhibit more ciliary motion than dorsal planes (one-way ANOVA F = 12.2, p = 5.92 × 10^‒7, see Methods for motion index quantification) SC spinal cord, CC central canal. c Lateral view of the central canal in transmitted light (top) and filled with fluorescent beads (bottom). Scale: 20 µm. d Schematic of horizontal slices taken for kymograph analysis for velocities of beads or endogenous particles. e Representative kymographs of beads in the central canal. Analyzed trajectories are in red (dorsal) or blue (ventral). f Imaging setup for full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT). g Lateral view of the central canal showing endogenous particles obtained from FF-OCT. Scale: 20 µm. h Representative kymographs of endogenous particles in the central canal. Analyzed trajectories are in red (dorsal) or blue (ventral). i Velocities of exogenous particles (beads) and endogenous particles. Beads: 307 trajectories from n = 7 embryos; endogenous particles: 452 trajectories from n = 7 embryos. Error bars represent s.e.m. D dorsal, V ventral, R rostral, C caudal