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. 2018 Sep 18;9:3799. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06101-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Proposed mechanism of polymer/AIE molecule microwires for organic vapor sensing. Fluorescent emission spectra of a PES/non-AIE molecule and b PES/AIE molecule microwires before (0%) and after (50 and 100%) exposure to acetone vapor. Inserted photos are fluorescent images of PES/non-AIE molecule and PES/AIE molecule microwires before (0%) and after (100%) exposure to acetone vapor. All scale bars are 5 μm. 100% is the vapor pressure of acetone under ambient condition, and 50% is half of the vapor pressure of acetone under ambient condition. The used polymer is PES, the non-AIE molecule is Ph₃A₂, and the AIE molecule is AnPh₃. The molecular structures of Ph₃A₂ and AnPh₃ are shown as the insets. Both fluorescent excitation wavelengths are 440 nm. c Optimized geometry structures and interaction energies of AIE dimers and AIE/polymer for DFT models, proving the stronger interaction of AIE/polymer than that of AIE dimers. d The proposed mechanism of fluorescent intensity variation after exposure of polymer/AIE molecule microwires to organic vapor. The absorption of acetone vapor causes swelling of the PES/AnPh₃ microwires, and increases the intermolecular distance of AnPh₃ molecules due to the stronger interaction between AnPh₃ and PES, leading to the dispersion of AnPh₃ molecules and decreased fluorescent intensity. The used polymer is PES, and AIE molecule is AnPh₃. The figures below represent AFM topographies of PES/AnPh₃ microwires before (left) and after (right) exposure to saturated acetone vapor, indicating polymeric swelling increases the width of microwires (by 3.85 ± 0.34%, error bars, s.d. n = 20) after exposing the sensor in saturated acetone vapor. e, f Height diagram of PES/AnPh₃ microwires, indicating polymeric swelling increases the height of microwires (by 3.31 ± 0.23%, error bars, s.d. n = 20) after exposing the sensor in saturated acetone vapor