Figure 4.

The high-virulence H. parasuis infection degraded E-cadherin in PK-15 and NPTr cells. Membrane protein fraction (A,B) and whole cell lysates (C,D) were isolated and enriched from PK-15 cells (A,C) or NPTr cells (B,D) treated or untreated with inhibitor ICG001 (10 μM) for 2 h before being infected or uninfected with HN0001 or SH0165 (10⁸ CFU/mL) for 24 h. E-cadherin expression levels were analyzed by Western blot. Caveolin-1 and β-actin served as the loading controls, respectively. Relative E-cadherin levels were calculated using Image J software and normalized to the loading control. Values are presented as the ratio of each sample to the control group (set to 1.0). Representative results of three independent experiments are shown as the mean +/− SD (n = 3). ^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01 compared with the untreated control.