Table 6. Tools for Predicting the Absolute Risk of ASCVD On the Basis of Cohort Studies Conducted in Japan.

Name of cohort	Method of risk assessment	Period of risk assessment	Risk factors used for assessment	Outcome (event to be predicted)
(Communiy-based cohort)
NIPPON DATA80 (CAD)161)	Risk assessment chart	10 years	(Gender-specific tables), age, TC, smoking, SBP and random blood glucose	CAD mortality
NIPPON DATA80 (all forms of CVD)161)	Risk assessment chart	10 years	(Gender-specific tables), age, TC, smoking, SBP and random blood glucose	all forms of CVD mortality (including stroke risk assessment chart)
Hisayama Study334)	Scoring table	10 years	Gender, age, LDL-C, HDL-C, diabetes, SBP and smoking	MI incidence, sudden cardiac death, coronary revascularization and stroke incidence
JMS cohort (MI)335)	Risk assessment chart	10 years	(Gender-specific tables), age, TC, SBP, smoking (for men only) and diabetes (for women only)	MI incidence
JMS cohort (stroke)336)	Risk assessment chart	10 years	(Gender-specific tables), age, SBP, smoking and diabetes	Stroke incidence
JALS-ECC337)	Scoring table	5 years	Gender, age, TC (or non-HDL-C), HDL-C, hypertension (grades 1 and 2), smoking and diabetes	MI incidence
Ibaraki cohort338)	Website	5–15 years	Gender, age, body weight, SBP, HDL-C, TG, AST, blood glucose level (including status of treatment), blood withdrawal conditions, smoking and alcohol consumption	Death due to each cause (stroke, cancer, ischemic heart disease, all forms of CVD and total death)
JPHC339)	Scoring table	10 years	Age, gender, smoking (gender-specific scoring), BMI (25–30 and ≥ 30), BP (scoring by whether the patient is taking antihypertensive drug; The Japanese Society of Hypertensionfs criteria are adopted in the classification) and diabetes	Stroke incidence
Suita study162)	Scoring table	10 years	Age, gender, smoking, diabetes, BP classification (The Japanese Society of Hypertensionfs standards are adopted in the classification; however, grade II hypertension and above are one category), TC or LDL-C, HDL-C and CKD	CAD incidence (MI, sudden cardiac death, coronary revascularization)
JPHC (cohort II)340)	Scoring table	10 years	Age (logarithmic value), gender, smoking, whether the patient is taking any antihypertensive drug, presence of diabetes, SBP (logarithmic value), HDL-C (logarithmic value), non-HDL-C (logarithmic value, only for CAD)	Incidence of CAD (MI + sudden cardiac death) or cerebral infarction