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Effect of multiple (5) cycles of ischemia-reperfusion on PERK, IRE1, and Nrf2 gene expression in PBMCs derived from PAD patients. (a) mRNA expression of PERK, IRE1, and Nrf2; (b) nuclear ATF4, XBP1, and Nrf2 concentrations. mRNA was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR; normalized gene expression levels are given as the ratio between the mean value for the target gene and β-actin in each sample. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; *p < 0.01 vs control.
