Table 2.
Multivariate analysis of overall survival and cancer‐specific survival for the whole study population before and after propensity score matching
| Characteristics | Overall survival | Cancer‐specific survival | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before matching | After matching | Before matching | After matching | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age (y) | ||||||||
| 20‐39 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| 40‐59 | 1.225 (0.804‐1.867) | 0.345 | 1.456 (0.876‐2.420) | 0.147 | 1.211 (0.782‐1.874) | 0.391 | 1.465 (0.868‐2.470) | 0.153 |
| 60‐79 | 1.214 (0.796‐1.851) | 0.367 | 1.473 (0.885‐2.452) | 0.136 | 1.678 (0.753‐1.811) | 0.488 | 1.418 (0.838‐2.399) | 0.194 |
| 80+ | 2.114 (1.243‐3.594) | 0.006 | 2.013 (0.949‐4.267) | 0.068 | 2.062 (1.188‐3.578) | 0.010 | 1.631 (0.709‐3.749) | 0.250 |
| Tumor size | ||||||||
| <3 cm | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| 3‐4.9 cm | 1.009 (0.604‐1.688) | 0.972 | 1.172 (0.654‐2.100) | 0.594 | 0.979 (0.576‐1.665) | 0.937 | 1.132 (0.621‐2.065) | 0.686 |
| 5‐10 cm | 1.413 (0.884‐2.260) | 0.148 | 1.684 (0.982‐2.886) | 0.058 | 1.297 (0.801‐2.099) | 0.290 | 1.575 (0.900‐2.755) | 0.112 |
| >10 cm | 1.995 (1.226‐3.247) | 0.005 | 2.310 (1.321‐4.038) | 0.003 | 1.857 (1.127‐3.061) | 0.015 | 2.245 (1.258‐4.006) | 0.006 |
| Unknown | 1.605 (0.989‐2.604) | 0.055 | 1.797 (1.019‐3.170) | 0.043 | 1.504 (0.918‐2.464) | 0.105 | 1.891 (1.056‐3.388) | 0.032 |
| Stage† | ||||||||
| IVa | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| IVb | 1.452 (1.156‐1.825) | 0.001 | 1.498 (1.170‐1.919) | 0.001 | 1.433 (1.132‐1.815) | 0.003 | 1.439 (1.108‐1.871) | 0.006 |
| AFP | ||||||||
| Negative | Reference | NA | NA | Reference | NA | NA | ||
| Positive | 1.204 (0.909‐1.595) | 0.194 | NA | NA | 1.236 (0.920‐1.661) | 0.159 | NA | NA |
| Unknown | 0.919 (0.659‐1.281) | 0.618 | NA | NA | 0.874 (0.620‐1.233) | 0.443 | NA | NA |
| Primary tumor number | ||||||||
| Single | NA | NA | Reference | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Multiple | NA | NA | 1.099 (0.833‐1.450) | 0.503 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Unknown | NA | NA | 1.324 (1.005‐1.744) | 0.046 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Vascular invasion | ||||||||
| No | Reference | NA | NA | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.489 (1.147‐1.933) | 0.003 | NA | NA | 1.486 (1.130‐1.954) | 0.005 | 1.395 (1.017‐1.912) | 0.039 |
| Unknown | 1.363 (1.040‐1.786) | 0.025 | NA | NA | 1.278 (1.000‐1.633) | 0.050 | 1.346 (1.022‐1.772) | 0.035 |
| Primary tumor resection | ||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 0.329 (0.260‐0.416) | <0.001 | 0.310 (0.241‐0.400) | <0.001 | 0.355 (0.279‐0.453) | <0.001 | 0.326 (0.250‐0.425) | <0.001 |
Bold values: Statistical differences are significant.