Table 2.

Generalised ordered logistic regression model with alternative gamma parameterisation, Tanzania DHS-MIS 2015–2016 (n=13 266)

Variable	POR (95% CI)	P values
Beta
Health insurance (ref: no)
Yes	0.622 (0.531 to 0.731)	0.000
Residence (ref: urban)
Rural	0.858 (0.728 to 1.012)	0.069
Age (continuous)	1.010 (1.001 to 1.017)	0.000
Marital status (ref: never married)
Married/living together	0.901 (0.801 to 1.014)	0.085
Divorced/separated/widowed	1.418 (1.175 to 1.712)	0.000
Education (ref: none)
Primary	0.883 (0.788 to 0.990)	0.033
Secondary	0.683 (0.582 to 0.800)	0.000
Highest	0.516 (0.360 to 0.741)	0.000
Wealth status (ref: poorest)
Poorer	0.854 (0.726 to 1.006)	0.059
Middle	0.725 (0.626 to 0.840)	0.000
Richer	0.496 (0.417 to 0.590)	0.000
Richest	0.291 (0.233 to 0.364)	0.000
Employed last 12 months (ref: not employed)
Employed for cash	0.975 (0.869 to 1.095)	0.668
Employed but paid-in-kind	1.220 (1.067 to 1.395)	0.004
Gamma_2
Age	0.993 (0.989 to 0.998)	0.000
Wealth status (richest)	1.279 (1.140 to 1.435)	0.000
Marital status (divorced/separated/widowed)	0.814 (0.701 to 0.945)	0.007
Gamma_3
Age	0.993 (0.986 to 0.999)	0.018
Wealth status (richest)	1.515 (1.265 to 1.814)	0.000
Marital status (divorced/separated/widowed)	0.749 (0.625 to 0.899)	0.002
Gamma_4
Age	0.987 (0.978 to 0.996)	0.005
Wealth status (richest)	1.957 (1.508 to 2.540)	0.000
Marital status (divorced/separated/widowed)	0.566 (0.419 to 0.764)	0.000

Wald test of parallel lines assumption for the final model: F (33, 517)=1.110, p=0.310. A non-significant test statistic indicates that the final model does not violate the proportional odds/parallel lines assumption.

DHS-MIS, Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey; POR, proportional OR.