Table 1.
Characteristics of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
| Characteristic | Unaffected (N = 4743) | Autism Spectrum Disorder cases (N = 112) | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or as Shown | n (%) or as Shown | ||||
| Median serum magnesium, mg/dL (IQR) | 1.80 (1.60-2.30) | 1.90 (1.70-2.50) | .29a | ||
| Male | 2676 | (56.4%) | 86 | (77%) | <.0001b |
| Median gestational age, weeks (IQR) | 33.00 (30.00-35.00) | 32.00 (27.50-35.00) | .008a | ||
| Median birthweight, g, (IQR) | 1990.00 (1503.00-2435.00) | 1685.50 (1030.50-2433.00) | .001a | ||
| Median 5 minute Apgar score, (IQR) | 9 (8-9) | 8 (7-9) | .009a | ||
| Size for gestational age | .18b | ||||
| Small for gestational age | 704 | (14.8%) | 19 | (17%) | |
| Average for gestational age | 3910 | 82.5% | 93 | 83% | |
| Large for gestational age | 129 | 2.7% | 0 | 0% | |
| Race/ethnicityc | .43b | ||||
| White | 3819 | 84.3% | 95 | 89% | |
| Hispanic | 531 | 11.7% | 9 | 9% | |
| Other | 187 | 4% | 3 | 3% | |
| Antenatal magnesium administration | 1558 | 32.9% | 39 | 35% | .66b |
| Medicaid insurance | 1533 | 32.3% | 33 | 30% | .52b |
| Diabetesd | 423 | 8.9% | 13 | 12% | .33b |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
a Wilcoxon signed-rank test P value.
b χ2 test P value.
c Number with missing data = 211.
d Includes diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes.