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Leptin increases the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-induced transcription factors in A549 cells (n=6). (A) Protein levels of ZEB-1 and Twist-1 were measured by western blot analysis after A549 cells were treated with TGF-β1 or leptin for 48 h. The relative content of (B) ZEB-1 and (C) Twist-1 were calculated against β-actin. Values are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs. the control group.
