Fig. 2.

Effects of RNAi of Gb’cry genes on light-induced phase shifts of circadian locomotor rhythm (a, b) and on light-induced Gb’Pdp1 expression (c) in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. a Phase shifts of locomotor rhythm caused by a 3 h light phase extension at ZT12 and a 3 h light exposure at ZT20 or CT12. Orange bars indicate a 3 h light phase extension or a light pulse. Black and white bars indicate dark and light phases, respectively. Arrow heads indicate the day of transfer to constant darkness. b Average phase shifts caused by a light phase extension at ZT12 or by a 3 h light pulse given at ZT20 or CT12. Error bars indicate SEM. Number in parenthesis indicates the number of crickets used. Different lower case letters indicate that values are significantly different (ANOVA followed by Tukey-Krammer test, P < 0.05). c Effects of light exposure on Gb’Pdp1 mRNA levels at ZT12 or ZT20. Colored and grey bars indicate the results with and without 60 min light exposure, respectively. Light phase extension at ZT12 induced significant upregulation of Gb’Pdp1 expression (t-test, P < 0.05) in all Gb’cry^RNAi crickets, while light exposure at ZT20 had no effect