Fig. 3.
Changes of Gb’c-fosB mRNA levels caused by light exposure (a), effects of RNAi of Gb’c-fos and Gb’opLW genes on the light-induced phase shifts of locomotor rhythms (b, c), and effects of Gb’c-fosRNAi on the light induced Gb’Pdp1 expression (d) in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. a Gb’c-fosB was upregulated by light exposure at ZT20 and CT12, and a statistically significant difference was evident after 60 min of exposure (**P < 0.01, t-test). The effect was greater in the late night (ZT20). Yellow and grey bars indicate the results with and without light exposure, respectively. b Phase shifts of locomotor rhythm caused by a 3 h light phase extension at ZT12 or 3 h light exposure at ZT20 or CT12 (orange bars). Black and white bars indicate dark and light phases, respectively. Arrow heads indicate the day of transfer to constant darkness. c Average phase shifts caused by a light phase extension at ZT12 or by a 3 h light pulse given at ZT20 or CT12. Error bars indicate SEM. Different lower-case letters indicate that values are significantly different (ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer test, P < 0.05). Gb’c-fosRNAi suppressed the light-induced phase shifts at ZT20 and CT12 but not at ZT12, and Gb’opLWRNAi strongly suppressed them in all cases (ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer test, P < 0.01). d Effects of light exposure on Gb’Pdp1 mRNA levels at ZT12, ZT20, and CT12 in Gb’c-fosRNAi crickets. Yellow and grey bars indicate the results with and without 60 min light exposure, respectively. Light phase extension at ZT12 induced significant upregulation of Gb’Pdp1 expression (**P < 0.01, t-test) in Gb’c-fosRNAi crickets, while no apparent effect was observed following light exposure at ZT20 and CT12