Table 1.
Characteristics of the large animal studies and human studies included in this meta-analysis.
| References | Species | Donor type | WIT | MP type | Numbers (n) | MP characteristics | Preservation solution | Outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MP | CS | MP | CS | |||||||
| Iwamoto [26] (2000) |
pig | DCD | NR | HMP | 4 | 4 | 8°C, 2h, PV:7-8mmHg | UW-G | UW | Survival, AST, HA,LDH |
| Michael [22] (2001) |
pig | DCD | 0/1h | NMP | 6/6 | 6/6 | 37°C, 4h, LA:150ml/min, PV:250ml/min | Blood | UW | Survival, PNF, HA,INR |
| Brockmann [23] (2009) |
pig | HBD/ DCD |
0/0/40 min |
NMP | 5/7/6 | 5/7/4 | 5/20h, LA:240ml/min, PV: 7.22mmHg | Blood | UW | Survival, AST, ALT, HA |
| Fondevila [27] (2011) |
pig | DCD | 25min | NMP | 6 | 6 | 35.3-37.5°C, 4h, LA: 40-60mm Hg, PV:8mmHg | Blood | UW | Survival, AST, bilirubin |
| Monbaliu [28] (2011) |
pig | DCD | NR | HMP | 8 | 6 | 4°C, 4h, LA:30mmHg, PV:7mmHg, nonoxygenated | UW | UW | Survival, PNF, AST, HA, TNF-α |
| Fondevila [29] (2012) |
pig | DCD | 26min | HMP | 5 | 6 | 4°C, 4h, LA:20-30mmHg, PV:4mmHg | UW | UW | Survival, AST, HA, bilirubin, bile salts |
| Knaak[30] (2014) |
pig | DCD | 45min | SNMP | 5 | 5 | 33°C, 3h, LA:60-80mm Hg,PV:4-8mmHg | Steen+ erythrocyte |
UW | Survival, AST, HA, LDH, CD31,INR and factor V |
| Fontes [31] (2015) |
pig | DCD | 35min | SNMP | 6 | 6 | 21°C, 7.5h, LA:18±2 mmHg, PV:3.5±0.5mmHg | HBOC solution |
UW | Survival, AST, ALT, HA, LDH, Bile production |
| Spetzler [32] (2016) |
pig | DCD | NR | SNMP | 8 | 8 | 33°C, 3h, LA:50-60mmHg, PV:2-4mmHg | UW | UW | Survival, AST, ALT, bilirubin |
| Zhibin Zhang [33] (2016) |
pig | DCD | 0min | NMP | 6 | 6 | 37°C, LA:85-100mmHg, PV:8-10mmHg | Blood | UW | AST, ALT, LDH |
| Goldaracena [24] (2016) |
pig | HBD | NR | NMP/ SNMP |
5/5 | 5/5 | 33-37°C,4h, LA:60mmHg, PV:2-4mmHg | Steen+ erythrocyte |
Steen solution | Survival, AST, HA, CD31, IL-6, TNF-α |
| Guarrera [34] (2010) |
human | DCD | NR | HMP | 20 | 20 | 4-6°C, 3-7h, Flow rates were0.667 ml/g liver/min | vasosol solution |
UW | Graft survival, PNF,EAD,biliary complications, INR, AST, hospital stay |
| Guarrera [35] (2015) |
human | ECD | NR | HMP | 31 | 30 | 4-6°C, 3-7h, Flow rates were0.667 ml/g liver/min | vasosol solution |
UW | Graft survival, PNF, EAD,biliary complications, INR, AST, hospital stay |
| Dutkowski [25] (2015) |
human | DCD/ DBD |
36min | HMP | 25/25 | 50/50 | 10°C, 1.5-2.5h, PV: 120–180 ml/min | UW | UW | Graft survival, PNF,EAD,biliary complications, INR, AST, hospital stay, ICU stay |
| Ravikumar [36] (2016) |
human | DCD/ DBD |
21min | NMP | 20 | 40 | 37°C, 4h, LA: 60-75mmHg, PV:-1-2mmHg | Blood | UW | Graft survival, PNF, EAD, INR, hospital stay, AST, ICU stay |
| Selzner [37] (2016) |
human | HBD/ DCD |
49min | NMP | 10 | 30 | 37°C, 4h, LA:200-400ml/min, PV:1200-1300ml/min | Steen solution |
HTK/UW | Graft survival, INR, AST, hospital stay, ICU stay |
| Bral [38] (2017) |
human | DCD/DBD | 0-26min | NMP | 9 | 27 | 37°C, 3.3-22.5h, LA and PV not reported | Blood | HTK/UW | Graft survival, PNF, EAD,biliary complications, INR, AST, hospital stay, ICU stay |
| van Rijn [39] (2017) |
human | DCD |
15min | HMP | 10 | 20 | 10°C, 2h, LA: 20-30mmHg, PV: 5mmHg | UWMPS | UW | Graft survival, hospital stay, ICU stay, biliary complications |
| Nasralla [40] (2018) |
human | DCD/ DBD |
21min |
NMP | 121 | 101 | 37°C, 24h, LA: 200-400ml/ min, PV: 1000-1200ml/min | Blood | UW | Graft survival, hospital stay, ICU stay, AST, EAD, biliary complications,PNF |
DCD: donation after circulatory death; HBD: heart beating donor; DBD: donation after brain death; WIT: warm ischemia time; MP: machine perfusion; CS: cold (static) storage; HMP: hypothermic machine perfusion; NMP: normothermic machine perfusion; SNMP: subnormothermic machine perfusion; LA: hepatic artery; PV: portal vein; UW: University of Wisconsin; UW-G: University of Wisconsin gluconate solution; HTK: histidine tryptophan ketoglutarate; HBOC: hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; PNF: primary nonfunction; EAD: early allograft dysfunction; INR: international normalized ratio; HA: hyaluronic acid; ICU: intensive Care Unit; AST: aspartate amino-transferase; ALT: alanine transaminase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; CD31: cluster of differentiation 31; IL-6: interleukin-6; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor α; NR: not report