Table 1.
Carbon dioxide concentration (pCO2 mmHg) in different equine groups evaluated during 1 and 5 h of holding in a livestock market.
| Equids groups | Reference value (RV) Mean ± SE |
Time of remaining 1 h Mean ± SE |
Time of remaining 5 h Mean ± SE |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mules (n = 176) | 48.67 ± 0.0005a,1 | 38.60 ± 0.57b,5 | 30.02 ± 0.39c,4 | <0.0001 |
| Donkeys (n = 244) | 43.40 ± 0.0008a,3 | 40.77 ± 0.36b,4 | 33.70 ± 0.91c,3 | <0.0001 |
| Cull horses (n = 466) | 41.15 ± 0.0001b,4 | 42.14 ± 0.26a,3 | 41.02 ± 0.56b,2 | 0.0006 |
| Charreria horses (n = 246) | 46.52 ± 0.50b,2 | 48.35 ± 0.26a,1 | 43.53 ± 0.88c,1 | <0.0001 |
| Foals (n = 158) | 37.35 ± 0.79b,5 | 42.38 ± 0.57a,3 | 43.07 ± 0.82a,1 | <0.0001 |
| Ponies (n = 148) | 43.35 ± 0.94a,3 | 44.88 ± 0.51a,2 | 45.00 ± 0.69a,1 | 0.2106 |
a,b,cLetters in the same row indicate differences among treatments in the same species.
1,2,3,4Numbers in the same column indicate differences among species in the same treatment. Tukey test (P < 0.05); n, number of animals; SE, standard error. The same animals were sampled at one and five hours.