Table 1.
Sensory texture attributes with definitions and intensity references
| Attribute | Definition | References |
|---|---|---|
| Cohesiveness of mass | The degree to which chewed sample (at 10 to 15 chews) holds together in a mass (forms a ball) | 3.0 = Raw, button mushroom, 1/2″ cube |
| 5.0 = Hebrew National all beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″cube | ||
| 8.0 = Chicken Breast, microwaved, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Fibrous | The perception of filaments or strands of muscle tissue during mastication | 2.0 = Ball Park All Beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″ cube |
| 3.0 = Mariani Dried Mango, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 5.0 = Boar's Head Deli Turkey, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 7.0 = Starkist Solid Albacore canned tuna (water packed), 1/2″ cube | ||
| 8.0 = Dole Pineapple chunk (in 100% pineapple juice), 1/2″piece | ||
| 10.0 = Chicken Breast, microwaved, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Firmness | Amount of force required to bite through the flesh when the sample is placed between molar teeth | 1.0 = Ball Park All Beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″ cube |
| 2.0 = Hard‐boiled egg white, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 4.0 = Land o Lakes yellow American pasteurized cheese, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 5.0 = Hebrew National all beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″cube | ||
| 7.0 = Boar's Head Deli Turkey, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 10.0 = Chicken Breast, microwaved, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Flaky (visual) | The ease of breaking the fish into small pieces with a fork | 2.0 = Boar's Head Deli Turkey, 1/2″ cube |
| 5.0 = Starkist Solid Albacore canned tuna (water packed), 1/2″ cube | ||
| 7.0 = Bumble Bee Fancy Lump crab meat, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Moisture release (juicy initial) | Bite with molars then evaluate the amount of liquid released when the sample is placed on tongue and pressed to the roof of the mouth | 2.0 = Oscar Meyer All Beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″ cube |
| 5.0 = Hebrew National all beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″cube | ||
| 6.0 = Boar's Head Deli Turkey, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 11.0 = Sliced orange, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Moisture retention (juicy mid point) | Amount of liquid observed in the mass after 5 chews with the molar teeth | 4.0 = Boar's Head Deli Turkey, 1/2″ cube |
| 5.0 = Hebrew National all beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″cube | ||
| 7.0 = Ball Park All Beef hot dog, boiled 4 min, 1/2″ cube | ||
| Springiness | The degree to which sample returns to original shape or the rate with which sample returns to original shape | 2.0 = General Mills fruit chew, 3 pieces |
| 3.0 = Land o Lakes yellow American pasteurized cheese, 1/2″ cube | ||
| 5.0 = Hebrew National all beef hot dog, boiled 10 min, 1/2″cube | ||
| 9.5 = Kraft Miniature Marshmallow, 3 pieces |